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‘Widening PAS-Bersatu rift signals Perikatan realignment’

Islamist party recalibrating position within coalition as its influence strengthens, says analyst.

Malaysian Paper www.thesun.my RM1.00 PER COPY

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SCAN ME No. 9169 PP 2644/12/2012 (031195)

Good news for borrowers Report on h page 4 New hire purchase framework comes into force today, making system fairer, clearer and more transparent for individuals entering long-term financing agreements.

The new law replaces key provisions of the Hire Purchase Act 1967, which has long been criticised for allowing practices that could disadvantage borrowers, particularly those who settle their loans early. – SYED AZAHAR SYED OSMAN/THESUN

Missile deal blot would ‘permanently scar’ bilateral ties: Defence minister

Health advocates ponder next step in anti-nicotine battle

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Immense disappointment expressed to Norway on sidelines of Shangri-La Dialogue 2026 in Singapore.

Experts urge keeping substance on Poisons List and revisiting Generational Endgame provisions.

MONDAY | JUNE 1, 2026

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Missile deal fallout will leave ‘permanent scar’

the best platform, but having control over the capability that supports operations. “The future of Malaysia’s defence must move towards the model of partner globally, build locally and control strategically.” Iruwan said the issue was not a lack of local potential, but whether that potential could be translated into capability that existed in practice, could be used operationally and remained sustainable. However, he said the country could begin by strengthening higher-value areas such as system design, software, AI, command-and control, systems integration, testing, training and sustainment. “The long-term goal is not to produce everything ourselves, but to ensure Malaysia has the knowledge, integration capability and strategic control over critical capability,” added Iruwan. – By Faiz Ruzman He said the unique cultures, languages and customs of the various ethnic groups in the country are invaluable treasures, with this diversity making Malaysia a nation rich in cultural heritage and beauty. Aaron added that every festival celebrated has created opportunities for people to get to know, understand and respect one another. These factors, he added, are the foundation for Malaysia’s continued progress. – Bernama Call to preserve Dayak heritage SIBU: The Dayak community in Sarawak has been reminded to continue preserving the customs, culture and heritage handed down through generations, ensuring they remain alive and are not lost amid rapid modernisation and technological advancement. National Unity Minister Datuk Aaron Ago Dagang said the Dayak community must keep pace with changing times without losing sight of its cultural roots to ensure continued progress. “Inherited traditions are not just historical relics, but also a heritage that shapes the identity of a nation. “The younger generation should continue to be exposed to language, customs, arts and cultural values to ensure the heritage passed down by their ancestors remains alive and continues to flourish.” According to him, technological, educational and economic progress should be harnessed to document, promote and safeguard cultural heritage for future generations. Aaron, who is also Kanowit MP, said the Gawai Dayak celebration is a meaningful occasion, symbolising gratitude for the harvest, the blessings bestowed upon the people, and the peace and prosperity enjoyed by all. “As an Iban descendant who grew up in a longhouse, the Gawai celebration always brings back fond memories. I still remember the gotong-royong spirit in preparing food, the laughter of relatives returning to the longhouse and the strong family spirit that unites the entire community. “The values of respect for elders and the spirit of sharing the practice of helping one another, which I have learnt since childhood, continue to be my guiding principles in life to this day.”

o Agreement cancellation by Norway inconsistent with long-standing friendship between both countries and strained relations irreparably, says Defence minister

could be exposed when key capabilities depended heavily on foreign export approvals and geopolitical decisions. He said Malaysia should continue working with international original equipment manufacturers, but future deals should leave the country with more than delivery of the finished asset. “Malaysia still needs cooperation with international original equipment manufacturers. However, the country must also build more sovereign capability, especially in integration, software, sustainment, operations and control of critical systems.” Iruwan also stressed that major defence purchases should leave Malaysia with lasting operational and technical control, not merely ownership of the asset. “In modern defence, the advantage is not only about owning to be delivered in March and that the formal cancellation of the export licence was not communicated at the time. “Secondly, the decision was made unilaterally. Thirdly, what does not reflect two countries with good friendship and long relations is that there was no effort to help us recover what we had paid.” Khaled said Malaysia might have continued to regard Norway as a genuine friend if the Norwegian government had taken responsibility by advancing a refund, either in full or in part, before recovering the money from the Norwegian company Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace AS itself. He said Sandvik would bring the matter back to his government, although he was doubtful Malaysia would receive a favourable outcome. “The absence of all this shows that there is no meaning to statements that Malaysia-Norway’s good, long standing relations should continue and be strengthened because what we have gone through will become a permanent scar in Malaysia-Norway relations. It is not possible for it to return to what it was before.” Khaled said Malaysia had sent a notice to sue Kongsberg, adding that Norway could still demonstrate goodwill by helping Malaysia recover the payments made. The issue first came to light on May 14 after Norway revoked export licences for the Kongsberg-made missile system intended for Malaysia’s Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) programme. The setback added pressure on the long-delayed LCS programme, which was signed in 2011 with the first vessel expected to be delivered later this year. On May 16, Khaled had announced that the Defence Ministry had established three committees following Norway’s cancellation of the NSM export licences, covering legal and contractual claims, possible replacement systems and diplomatic engagement.

“I met the Norwegian Defence minister and conveyed honestly and clearly our disappointment and regret because the long, close and good relationship that had existed between Norway and Malaysia has gone through this episode of the naval strike missile cancellation. “The Norwegian Defence minister conveyed his apology, but also stated the basis for the cancellation, which we may accept, whether it is true or fabricated, if they really did not want to proceed or had cancelled the export licence for the NSM.” Khaled said Malaysia’s concerns centred on three issues: late notice, a unilateral decision and the absence of effort by Norway to help Malaysia recover what it had already paid. He said Malaysia was informed in April, while the missile was supposed

Ű BY FAIZ RUZMAN newsdesk@thesundaily.com

Mohamed Khaled Nordin said he conveyed Malaysia’s disappointment directly to Sandvik during a meeting on the sidelines of the Shangri-La Dialogue 2026 in Singapore yesterday. He said Malaysia viewed Norway’s handling of the matter as inconsistent with the long-standing friendship between both countries, particularly after Malaysia signed the contract in 2018 and was due to receive the supply this year.

PETALING JAYA: Malaysia has warned Norway that its cancellation of export licence for the naval strike missile (NSM) system will leave a “permanent scar” in bilateral ties, despite Norwegian Defence Minister Tore O. Sandvik’s apology over the issue. Defence Minister Datuk Seri

Local defence firms need bigger role: CEO PETALING JAYA: Norway’s Khaled shaking hands with Sandvik on the sidelines of the Shangri-La Dialogue bilateral meeting, during which he conveyed Malaysia’s disappointment. – AFPPIC

industries did not depend only on policy or intention. They created a clear capability pathway,” he said. His comments came after Defence Minister Datuk Seri Mohamed Khaled Nordin said on Saturday that the United States would consider allowing the sale of a replacement NSM system to Malaysia. On May 14, Norway revoked the export licences for the Kongsberg made missile system which was intended for the LCS programme. Project cost rose to RM11.2 billion from the original RM9 billion, despite the number of ships being reduced from six to five. Defence analysts have told theSun earlier that the setback could affect the LCS’ deterrence role, delay full operational readiness and force Malaysia into costly integration work if a replacement weapon is chosen. Iruwan said the Norway export block showed that defence planning

told theSun . Iruwan said local vendors also faced difficulty turning demonstrations into real contracts, as early investment in prototypes, testing and certification often had to be made without guaranteed procurement. “Many local vendors are given opportunities for demonstrations or proof-of-concept, but the pathway from demonstration to actual deployment remains difficult. “The challenge usually involves track record, financing, user confidence, procurement structure and preference for systems that are already established internationally. “For us, the solution is to create a more practical pathway: demonstration, operational trial, limited deployment and scaled procurement. “Countries that succeeded in developing their local defence

revocation of export licences for the Kongsberg naval strike missile system has prompted fresh questions about whether local defence firms have a genuine path into higher value roles in major procurement contracts. Nizra Industries chief executive officer Nik Iruwan Nik Izani said Malaysia had long spoken about localisation, transfer of technology and vendor development, but the challenge remained in execution, continuity and actual outcomes. “Realistically, local vendors are still mostly placed as support suppliers, subcontractors or implementation partners. “Malaysia needs to move towards a model where local companies are given the opportunity to become system developers, system integrators, software owners and sustainment partners,” he

MONDAY | JUN 1, 2026 | 3

HIS MAJESTY SULTAN IBRAHIM KING OF MALAYSIA on the Occasion of His Majesty’s Official Birthday on 1 st June 2026 (15 Zulhijjah 1447H) with sincerest reverence from: Tan Sri Dr Lim Wee Chai, Puan Sri Tong Siew Bee, the Board of Directors and the Management of Top Glove Group of Companies S MAJESTY SULTAN IBRAH

MONDAY | JUNE 1, 2026

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Hire purchase reform aims to create fairer system

Ű BY HARITH KAMAL newdesk@thesundaily.com

PETALING JAYA: Eleven financial institutions and hire purchase providers will begin operating under Malaysia’s revamped consumer credit framework today, in a major reform aimed at scrapping long-criticised interest calculation methods and tightening protections for borrowers. The rollout marks the enforcement of the Hire Purchase (Amendment) Act 2026, alongside the Hire Purchase (Charges and Terms) Regulations 2026, which together reshape how hire purchase agreements are structured, priced and administered in Malaysia. Domestic Trade and Cost of Living Minister Datuk Armizan Mohd Ali said the reform is designed to make the system fairer, clearer and more transparent for consumers, particularly those entering long-term financing agreements. The Act, passed by Parliament last year, replaces key provisions of the Hire Purchase Act 1967, which has long been criticised for allowing practices that could disadvantage borrowers, particularly those who settle their loans early.

o Charges now more closely reflect remaining balance, improving clarity and accuracy in settlement calculations One of the most significant changes is the abolition of the flat interest rate method and the Rule of 78, two mechanisms widely used in the industry for decades. “Under these methods, a large portion of early instalment payments is used to pay interest while only a small portion is allocated to reducing

Commodities Minister Datuk Seri Dr Noraini Ahmad, palm oil usage for B15 implementation is estimated at around 0.8 million tonnes annually, significantly lower than the domestic supply surplus of about four million tonnes per year. She emphasised that the implementation will not affect the country’s palm oil exports, which stands at around 16 million tonnes per year. Meanwhile, Universiti Putra Malaysia Biorefinery Complex head Prof Dr Hidayah Ariffin said higher biodiesel usage could extend the country’s diesel stockpiling period and help ensure supply stability if the global energy crisis linked to the West Asia conflict involving the United States, Israel and Iran persists. Concerns over the suitability of biodiesel for vehicles are also being addressed by the government, with Economy Minister Akmal Nasrullah Mohd Nasir saying there are no issues with engine specifications as Malaysia’s vehicle standards have provided for biodiesel blends of up to B20 since 2020. Akmal Nasrullah said the use of B20 has been introduced in several areas, including Langkawi, Labuan and Sarawak, without any major issues that could be cited in relation to alleged engine damage. The National Biodiesel Programme began with B5 in 2011 before being expanded to B7 in 2014, followed by B10 and B20 in stages between 2019 and 2020. Malaysia has 19 licensed biodiesel plants capable of supporting the implementation of B15 and the government’s long-term plans to raise the blend rate to B20, B30 and potentially B50, in line with the national green agenda. In addition, the use of biodiesel produced from renewable sources is expected to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and support Malaysia’s commitment to low-carbon development and a more sustainable energy transition. comply with the new framework. A second phase will follow in September as more industry players come on board. Institutions still upgrading systems have been given a transition period until March 31, 2027, although they are encouraged to adopt the new framework earlier. “This legal reform reflects the government’s commitment to creating a more transparent and integrity-driven credit ecosystem, improving industry governance, and protecting the rights and interests of consumers nationwide.” Consumers have been advised to carefully review loan terms before signing any hire purchase agreement under the new regime, particularly as calculation methods have changed significantly.

KUALA LUMPUR: Malaysia is set to enter a new phase in its energy transition amid a global supply crisis, with the biodiesel blend rate in Peninsular Malaysia to be gradually raised from B10 to B15 starting today. The move by the Madani government in the face of global energy market volatility is aimed not only at reducing reliance on imported fossil diesel, but is also seen as a two-pronged strategy to enhance energy security and increase demand for locally produced palm oil. The implementation will see B15 biodiesel comprising 15% palm oil-based biodiesel, known as palm methyl ester, and 85% petroleum diesel, compared with the existing B10 blend of 10% palm methyl ester, without requiring engine modifications for most diesel vehicles. Deputy Prime Minister Datuk Seri Dr Ahmad Zahid Hamidi previously said the government was targeting biodiesel production in stages as an initial step before the blend rate is increased according to market suitability and industry capabilities. He said byproducts from the palm oil industry, including sludge from crude palm oil production, have the potential to be used in biodiesel and aviation fuel production, creating a new value chain in the country’s commodity sector. He also views biodiesel as a new catalyst for the rural economy through the involvement of agencies such as the Federal Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Authority, the Central Terengganu Development Authority and the South Kelantan Development Authority, Bernama reported. The government has said the implementation will be carried out in a planned manner, taking into account the country’s palm oil supply capacity, industrial preparedness and existing infrastructure. According to Plantation and “Before the amendment, among the issues frequently raised by the public were concerns over hire purchase transactions, particularly hidden interest charges and high outstanding balances even when borrowers opted for early settlement,” he noted. The reform also introduces wider digitalisation measures, including recognition of electronic signatures and online document submissions, aimed at improving efficiency and reducing paperwork. At the same time, financial institutions will be required to implement enhanced due diligence procedures to verify borrower identity and reduce fraud risks. For the first phase starting today, all 11 financial institutions and hire purchase providers are ready to

the principal loan amount. “The new provisions introduce the reducing balance method and the effective interest rate for fixed-rate hire purchase loans. Under this approach, interest is calculated based on the outstanding loan balance, making early settlement more transparent and fair to consumers.” In simple terms, borrowers previously paid more interest upfront, meaning early settlement often did not result in significant savings. Under the new system, charges more closely reflect the remaining balance, improving clarity and accuracy in settlement calculations. Armizan said the changes address long-standing public concerns over hire purchase financing practices.

Malaysia begins B15 biodiesel rollout today

Anwar said wisdom, moderation, compassion and kindness are not only celebrated within religious traditions, but also remain relevant in building a society founded on mutual understanding and respect. – AMIRUL SYAFIQ/THESUN

PM extends Wesak greetings, highlights unity KUALA LUMPUR: Prime Minister Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim has called on all Malaysians to reflect on the noble values that form the foundation of harmonious community life in conjunction with the Wesak Day celebration yesterday. the foundations of national harmony and unity.”

essential in keeping the country strong, resilient and prosperous.” Communications Minister Datuk Fahmi Fadzil said kindness, wisdom and compassion should continue to be nurtured to preserve the country’s long-standing harmony. “We should remind one another of the importance of living with respect, doing good to others, and strengthening unity and a sense of togetherness in society.” Education Minister Fadhlina Sidek expressed hope that this year’s Wesak Day celebrations would bring peace and happiness to all who observe them. “Let us continue to strengthen unity, harmony, tolerance and mutual respect among Malaysia’s multi-ethnic and multi-faith society.” Natural Resources and Environmental Sustainability Minister Datuk Seri Joseph Arthur Kurup said the value of moderation often associated with Wesak Day is in line with efforts to preserve the environment. – Bernama

Meanwhile, Deputy Prime Minister Datuk Seri Dr Ahmad Zahid Hamidi said Malaysia’s diversity of religions, cultures and traditions, which forms part of everyday life, continues to reflect the country’s long-standing spirit of harmony and mutual respect. “This uniqueness shapes our national identity and is one of Malaysia’s strengths and attractions in the eyes of the world. May this year’s Wesak Day celebrations bring happiness and joy to all those observing it.” Deputy Prime Minister Datuk Seri Fadillah Yusof has called on Malaysians to strengthen further unity in diversity, which he said is central to the country’s identity and a key driver of national progress. “With strong unity, we are better able to face any challenge, including the current global energy crisis and supply disruptions affecting countries around the world. A spirit of togetherness and tolerance will be

He said these values, particularly wisdom, moderation, compassion and kindness towards fellow human beings are not only celebrated within religious traditions, but also remain highly relevant in building a society founded on mutual understanding and respect. He said in a nation characterised by diverse cultures, religions and backgrounds, the values of love, compassion and kindness highlighted during Wesak carry profound significance, especially at a time when certain groups seek to sow discord among different races and faiths. “I believe the spread of love and compassion will drown out the incitements for hatred, dispel prejudice, and strengthen mutual respect and understanding, which are

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MONDAY | JUNE 1, 2026

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MIC accepts withdrawal of PN offer Ű BY THESUN TEAM newsdesk@thesundaily.com

‘PAS-Bersatu rift suggests realignment within PN’

PETALING JAYA: MIC president Tan Sri S.A. Vigneswaran has said the party has taken Perikatan Nasional’s (PN) decision to rescind its membership offer in stride, expressing no bitterness toward any PN component party, including PAS. Speaking at MIC’s Family Day celebration in conjunction with the party’s 80th anniversary at Taman D.R. Seenivasagam in Ipoh yesterday, Vigneswaran explained that the party’s earlier willingness to join PN had been tied specifically to the coalition’s leadership structure at the time. “When the offer was first extended, PN was led by Bersatu and MIC was prepared to join it under those circumstances. However, no final decision was ever reached. The mandate from our grassroots members was based on that leadership arrangement.“ He reaffirmed MIC’s commitment to Barisan Nasional (BN), saying the absence of a role in the Unity government has not diminished the party’s resolve. He said holding government posts is not MIC’s foremost priority. “Seats are important, but not more important than protecting the rights of all communities. We are not sulking over the lack of positions. Also present at the event were MIC vice-president Datuk T. Murugiah and Perak MIC chief Tan Sri M. Ramasamy. On May 17, PN secretary-general Datuk Seri Takiyuddin Hassan announced that the membership offer has been withdrawn due to MIC’s failure to confirm its interest, adding that the party had never officially applied to join the coalition. The matter has been under discussion since early this year. On March 25, MIC deputy president Datuk Seri M. Saravanan had said the party would remain in BN “for now” but stopped short of ruling out a move to PN. He said MIC is reassessing its position following a leadership shift within PN, specifically the appointment of PAS vice-president Datuk Seri Ahmad Samsuri Mokhtar as the coalition’s new chairman, replacing Bersatu president Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin. Vigneswaran added that despite holding no positions in either the federal Cabinet or any state government, MIC has no intention of abandoning BN out of frustration. He added that posts and titles benefit only a narrow few, while the broader mission of protecting community rights must remain the central concern. He also confirmed that seat negotiations with BN component parties ahead of the upcoming Johor election have begun, although the final decisions rest entirely with the party’s top leadership.

Ű BY HARITH KAMAL newsdesk@thesundaily.com

o Islamist party appears to be recalibrating its position in coalition as its influence strengthens, says analyst

disappointed with Umno are slowly going back to Umno.” Separately, Nusantara Academy for Strategic Research senior fellow Dr Azmi Hassan said the tensions between PAS and Bersatu reflect a deeper strategic contest over PN’s future composition rather than a temporary disagreement. He said PAS appears intent on maintaining its position within PN while pushing Bersatu out of the coalition. “But it is going to be difficult for Bersatu to be kicked out unless Bersatu voluntarily moves out from PN. “To kick out a member, you need agreement from all the members, in this case Gerakan and the Malaysian Indian People’s Party.” He added that PAS’s longer-term strategy may involve reshaping PN’s membership by bringing in smaller parties and potentially new entrants aligned with Hamzah’s faction or other emerging political vehicles. “But what is clear is that PAS adamantly wants Bersatu out while remaining within PN. “I think that is the strategy unfolding now and it is not a temporary dispute between the two parties.”

PETALING JAYA: A widening rift between PAS and Bersatu is pointing towards a potential realignment within Perikatan Nasional (PN) ahead of the next general election, with analysts saying the coalition could gradually evolve into a PAS-dominated vehicle as internal tensions reshape its structure. International Islamic University Malaysia political analyst and Iseas–Yusof Ishak Institute fellow Assoc Prof Dr Syaza Shukri said PAS appears to be recalibrating its position within PN as its influence strengthens, suggesting that the Islamist party no longer sees Bersatu as central to its electoral strategy. “I think PAS is re-strategising as it has gained more confidence, especially now that PN is led by PAS. It does not look like Bersatu is as needed as before.” She said the shifting balance of power within PN could have significant electoral implications, including a possible expansion of PAS’s contesting ground if it distances itself from Bersatu. “The implication is that PN will

value to PAS is marginal in the northern states, such as Kedah, Perlis and Penang. In states such as Malacca, I think Bersatu has more influence.” However, she said Bersatu faces structural challenges in expanding its appeal nationally, particularly amid competition from Umno. “Bersatu is competing with Umno, so I think Bersatu’s ability to broaden PN’s support is limited by the growing strength and confidence of Umno as well. “PN might lose the ‘moderate’ Malay votes but I am not sure how loyal these voters are to Bersatu.” She downplayed the likelihood of voter confusion if a split materialises, saying that PN’s core support base remains relatively stable. “I do not think there will be confusion because PN voters were mostly PAS supporters and those disappointed with Umno. “So, PAS voters will continue to vote PN/PAS while those previously

be a PAS-led vehicle and attract voters who support the Islamist party. If they cut relations with Bersatu, PAS could contest seats held by Bersatu and increase their own seats.” Looking ahead to the next general election, she explained that political fragmentation is likely to intensify across the divide, affecting opposition and government coalitions. “Ahead of the 16th general election, I think we will see fragmentation on both sides. PH and BN will contest separately and PAS and Bersatu will most likely do the same. “Maybe PAS will work with Datuk Seri Hamzah Zainuddin and others, but the point is it will really be a free-for-all on the opposition and government sides.” Syaza added that Bersatu’s relevance to PAS may already be diminishing in key strongholds. “I think Bersatu’s presence and

Although PAS president Tan Sri Abdul Hadi Awang (right) and Bersatu president Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin are key pillars of PN, there are significant tensions and disagreements regarding the direction and administration of the coalition. – SUNPIC

Perikatan to contest all seats in Malacca polls MALACCA: Perikatan Nasional (PN) has confirmed that it will contest all 28 state seats in the Malacca election, expected to be held soon. PN deputy president Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin said the seat distribution would be strategy is in place to secure victory. He said PN is ready to face the election, with its machinery at all levels being strengthened, while Bersatu division chiefs have been instructed to submit names of prospective candidates for consideration, Bernama reported. He also said candidates would finalised through negotiations with component parties to ensure the best

people,” he said at the launch of the Malacca Bersatu election machinery in Klebang on Saturday. Muhyiddin added that PN would continue discussions with other parties interested in working together ahead of the state election, with any seat distribution to be decided through joint negotiations.

be selected based on several criteria, including good character, integrity, a proven track record, experience and close rapport with the local community. “Anyone may offer to contest, but we want candidates with good character, a strong work ethic, experience and close ties with the

Skudai rep announces withdrawal from politics JOHOR BAHRU: Skudai state

Barisan Nasional candidate Lim Soon Hai, who received 12,416 votes, and Perikatan Nasional candidate Khoo Keng Ek, who received 6,258 votes. – Bernama

She also said she will continue working until a new state assembly member is elected. In the last state election, Marina won 26,359 votes, defeating

life even before I entered politics.” She apologised for any shortcomings or weaknesses in serving the Skudai state constituency since March 22, 2022.

“I have chosen to return to something very close to my heart, being out in the field, engaging with the community and continuing the social work that has been part of my

assemblywoman Marina Ibrahim has announced her withdrawal from politics and will not defend her seat in the upcoming Johor election.

MONDAY | JUNE 1, 2026

/thesuntelegram FOLLOW / Malaysian Paper

ON TELEGRAM m RAM

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Plotting next step in efforts to curb nicotine addiction

Ű BY T.C KHOR newsdesk@thesundaily.com

PETALING JAYA: The growing dependence on likes, comments and online approval is quietly reshaping how young people measure their self-worth, with an expert saying that excessive reliance on social media validation could have lasting consequences for mental health and emotional wellbeing. University of Nottingham Malaysia School of Psychology associate professor Dr Siti Khadijah Zainal Badri said research has shown an increasingly negative relationship between self-worth and the pursuit of validation through social media, particularly among young people. She said the trend is closely linked to the fear of missing out (Fomo), fuelled by constant exposure to online content that encourages comparisons with others. “Excessive pursuit of emotional stability through social media validation is a very unhealthy behaviour that can gradually reduce psychological wellbeing and overall quality of life.” Siti Khadijah said taking a break from social media for several weeks or months could bring noticeable psychological benefits as individuals reconnect with their surroundings and real-life relationships. She explained that reducing social media use often helps people move away from maintaining a digital presence and become more emotionally and physically engaged in everyday life. “They start enjoying life and embracing their uniqueness instead of worrying about fitting into social media trends.” Research on excessive social media use has linked constant exposure to digital stimulation with discomfort, agitation and restlessness. As a result, a period of digital detox may improve concentration, GEORGE TOWN: Health advocates have expressed cautious relief following a recent Kuala Lumpur High Court ruling that declared as invalid the exemption of liquid nicotine and nicotine gel used in vape products from the Poisons List after a judicial review filed by the Malaysian Council for Tobacco Control, Green Lung Malaysia and Voice of the Children. The judge ruled that the exemption was driven primarily by economic considerations and had been granted before the Control of Smoking Products for Public Health Act 2024 (Act 852) came into force on Oct 1 last year. In a statement issued on May 17, the Health Ministry said it would consult the Attorney-General’s Chambers on the legal implications of the ruling before deciding on its next course of action. The ministry said the decision reflected a functioning system of checks and balances, while reaffirming its commitment to enforcing laws aimed at protecting minors from smoking and vaping products. National Cancer Society Malaysia Ű BY KIRTINEE RAMESH newsdesk@thesundaily.com

emotional calmness and sleep quality while reducing mental fatigue. Siti Khadijah added that social media platforms are designed to provide rapid and continuous stimulation, which can contribute to impatience and short attention spans. “Many individuals have become accustomed to instant stimulation and reward systems. “Excessive digital engagement can reinforce dopamine-driven reward seeking behaviours that may not be sustainable in the long run.” She added that human happiness remains closely tied to meaningful relationships and interaction with the natural world, both of which can be displaced by excessive screen time. The psychological effects of social media overstimulation are becoming increasingly evident, particularly among young adults and students. According to Siti Khadijah, growing digital dependence is contributing to higher levels of anxiety, impatience, emotional fragility and critical behaviour. “In educational settings, we are seeing students becoming less patient with the learning process and struggling with self-control, emotional regulation and resilience.” She attributed the shift to constant exposure to content promoting immediate gratification over long term growth and perseverance. Young adults are especially vulnerable as they remain in crucial stages of emotional and psychological development. Social comparison, cyberbullying and exposure to distressing content could also contribute to burnout, anxiety and attention difficulties. The academician said many people report feeling lighter and more at peace after deactivating their social media accounts, as disconnecting helps clear mental clutter. She explained that this sense of relief comes from no longer having their “mind space” occupied by managing director Dr Murallitharan Munisamy said the consequences of the exemption had been foreseeable. He told theSun that health groups had warned from the outset that removing nicotine from the Poisons List would make it easier for young people to access vape products before adequate safeguards were in place. “Deregulation expanded nicotine use instead of reducing it. “Many young users had already o Health experts urge keeping substance on Poisons List and revisit of Generational Endgame provisions

ruling as a victory for public health and called on the government to reinstate nicotine under the Poisons Act while reviving the GEG proposal. He also raised concerns over the growing circulation of drug-laced vape liquids among students, saying some young users had progressed from flavoured products to potent “zombie” blends capable of inducing an intense high. “They know where to get it. Many parents are still unaware of how serious this has become.” Earlier this week, six individuals were arrested after videos shared online allegedly showed them using suspected drug-laced vape products. Health groups now warn that Malaysia risks producing an entire generation dependent on nicotine, the very outcome the GEG proposal was originally designed to prevent.

requires proper regulatory oversight. “It should not be treated as just another taxable consumer product.” The Generational Endgame (GEG) proposal, introduced in 2022 by then health minister Khairy Jamaluddin, sought to permanently prohibit the sale of tobacco and vaping products to anyone born on or after Jan 1, 2007, even after reaching adulthood. The proposal was re-tabled in 2023 but later stripped of its GEG provisions following constitutional objections before Act 852 was eventually passed. Meanwhile, the 2023 exemption allowed nicotine-containing vape products to be sold freely for about 18 months before the law took effect. Consumers Association of Penang senior education officer N.V. Subbarow welcomed the High Court

developed dependency long before Act 852 came into force. By the time the law took effect, the problem had become deeply entrenched, fuelling an illicit market that continues to grow.” The Malaysian Medical Association (MMA), which participated in the judicial review as amicus curiae, or friend of the court, urged the government not to appeal the decision and instead reinstate liquid nicotine under the Poisons Act. Its president Datuk Dr Thirunavukarasu Rajoo noted that the Poisons Board had unanimously recommended against the delisting in 2023. Malaysian Pharmacists Society president Prof Amrahi Buang described nicotine as a pharmacologically active and dependency-forming substance that

Youths increasingly tying self-worth to online validation

Siti Khadijah said the psychological effects of social media overstimulation are becoming evident, particularly among young adults and students. – ADAM AMIR HAMZAH/THESUN

low self-esteem and pressure to constantly keep up. She stressed that the impact of social media largely depends on who people follow, what they consume and why they engage with it. “Ultimately, moderation and mindful decision-making are essential for maintaining healthy digital habits. “Anything done excessively and without mindful consideration can negatively affect a person’s wellbeing, relationships and quality of life. “This is what we refer to in research as ‘too much of a good thing’.”

Siti Khadijah also cautioned that continuous exposure to other people’s lives online could distort perceptions of personal success, relationships and self-worth. While some public figures can be genuine sources of inspiration, social media often presents highly curated versions of reality that overlook everyday struggles. “People may unconsciously compare their real lives with other people’s highlight reels.” She said over extended periods, this could lead to dissatisfaction,

pressure with trends, expectations and constant comparisons. “When people deactivate or limit social media use, they are effectively closing the door to external and unwanted stimuli. “This creates space for self-reflection and helps them regain control over their thoughts and emotions.” She said the relief also stems from reduced pressure to compare oneself with others or conform to online expectations. to keep up

MONDAY | JUNE 1, 2026

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China patrols Scarborough Shoal

o Philippines says it remains under threat

The Philippine embassy in Beijing did not immediately respond to an emailed request for comment. China’s patrols took place as defence ministers, military chiefs and policymakers from the Asia-Pacific region and beyond gathered in Singapore for the Shangri-La Dialogue. Speaking to Reuters on the sidelines of the meeting, Philippine Defence Secretary Gilberto Teodoro said Manila remains under “severe threat” from China territorially and politically, despite a recent thaw in US-China tensions following a summit between Presidents Donald Trump and Xi Jinping this month. “We have no choice but to be

acts,” the command said. It did not mention specific countries. China’s coast guard said in a separate statement it conducted law enforcement patrols near the Scarborough Shoal, adding that since this month it had dealt with ships engaged in “illegal rights-violation activities in accordance with laws and regulations”, without elaborating. The Armed Forces of the Philippines said the exercise with the US from Tuesday to Saturday, including visit-board-search-and seizure drills, underscored both countries’ commitment to stronger defence ties, improved maritime domain awareness and support for a rules-based order at sea.

security, the Philippine military said yesterday. Scarborough Shoal, in waters that Manila calls the West Philippine Sea, is one of Asia’s most contested maritime features and has become a frequent flashpoint between China and the Philippines over sovereignty and fishing rights. The People’s Liberation Army’s Southern Theatre Command said in a statement on the WeChat platform that its naval and air units carried out combat readiness patrols in the “territorial sea and airspace” of the atoll and its surrounding areas. “Such patrols serve as an effective countermeasure to cope with all sorts of rights violations and provocative

resilient and to stand up against aggression,” he said. The Philippines and China have been locked in repeated maritime standoffs in the South China Sea in recent years, at times resulting in collisions between vessels and injuries to personnel. China claims sovereignty over almost the entire South China Sea via a “nine-dash line” on its maps that cuts into the exclusive economic zones of the Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia, Vietnam and Indonesia. In 2016, the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague ruled that China’s claims were not supported by international law, a decision that Beijing rejects. – Reuters

BEIJING: China’s military and coast guard said they carried out patrols near disputed waters in the South China Sea yesterday, a day after the Philippines said it remained under threat from Beijing despite a recent easing in US-China tensions. Philippine and US forces held a five-day maritime exercise in the same waters last week near the Scarborough Shoal, the third such drill this year, to strengthen interoperability and maritime Japan rejects ‘new militarism’ accusations SINGAPORE: Japan’s Defence Minister Shinjiro Koizumi yesterday rejected accusations of “new militarism” by Tokyo and criticised China for rapidly expanding its military with little transparency, underscoring mounting tensions between the two countries. China continues to increase its defence spending at a high level, Koizumi said at the Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore, adding: “China’s external approach and military activities are matters of serious concern for Japan and the international community.” Rebutting criticism that Japan was embracing new militarism, he said:“Think about it. There’s a country that has a huge arsenal of nuclear weapons and strategic bombers. Japan has neither, and yet Japan is labelled ‘new militarism’?” Koizumi said Japan’s record since World War Two “speaks for itself”, citing its adherence to international law and commitment to the UN Charter, alongside efforts to uphold a “free and open international order”. China’s Foreign Ministry last month called on Asia-Pacific countries to be vigilant and “jointly resist the reckless actions of Japan’s neo-militarism”. At the forum, Chinese delegate Major General Meng Xiangqing also criticised Japan. “I deeply doubt whether a country that has not thoroughly eradicated the toxic legacy of militarism is qualified to talk extensively about defence cooperation on international occasions, and whether it can win the trust of the international community, especially the Asian countries it once invaded,” he said. Koizumi said he was“sad”he could not meet his Chinese counterpart at the dialogue, Asia’s premier defence forum, but insisted Japan remains open to engagement. “We keep the door open,” he said, reaffirming Japan’s commitment to dialogue with China and other regional players to foster stability. For the second year running, Chinese Defence Minister Dong Jun has given the Singapore security meeting a miss, skipping opportunities to meet his counterparts. – Reuters

The Lapindo mudflow in Sidoarjo, East Java. – REUTERSPIC

Java mudflow hazard lingers after two decades SIDOARJO: Harwati clasped her hands and offered a prayer on the edge of a sludge lake in Java, as dozen of residents gathered to mark two decades since mud volcano eruptions began displacing thousands. provide justice for us,” the 50-year old said on Saturday, insisting that the disaster was “far” from over. she was “sad” to relocate to a new place, but added that the family had little choice. “It was tough, but whether we want it or not, we just go on day by day, trying to be able to adapt with this new circumstance,” the 48-year old said.

Lapindo, which has since changed its name to Minarak Brantas Gas, did not immediately respond to a request for comment, but the firm previously said investigations “determined that no correlation could be proven between the drilling activities and the mud eruption”. Environmental groups have found that groundwater in the area has been polluted, said Melky Nahar, a coordinator of NGO Mining Advocacy Network. “After two decades, the destruction of the environment has not ended,” he said. Irsyad, who moved to his current home some four kilometres away from his old one, said he told his friend that he wished to be buried in his old village. “So my child and grandchild will look for me there. And when they visit ... they possibly will have a question: ‘why was grandfather buried here?’” – AFP

She demanded the government conduct a thorough examination of the mudflow’s impacts on the health of residents, saying many locals have suffered from cancers after the incident. An area of over 600ha was swallowed by the mud, according to the government, as efforts to plug it, including with huge concrete balls, have proved ineffective. The disaster forced Muhammad Irsyad to leave his village in 2012, as he could no longer tolerate pollution that seeped into the well his family relied on for cooking and bathing. Two decades since the disaster, Irsyad, 62, said he was still “rearranging” his life, with his family surviving on income earned from their food stall and drinking water sales. Irsyad’s wife Siti Chusniawati said

On May 29, 2006, the earth in the Sidoarjo district of East Java province opened up, ejecting pungent, steaming hot mud that swallowed villages and factories. Thirteen people died when an underground gas pipeline in the disaster zone exploded. The eruptions, which continue to occur, destroyed at least a dozen villages and have displaced tens of thousands of people. Harwati said the gathering, held on Friday to mark two decades since the disaster, was organised to remind the government that residents are still feeling the impact of the mudflow. “Even though presidents change, we still hope (the government will)

Independent studies alternate blame between oil and gas company PT Lapindo Brantas, which was drilling in the area at the time, and an earthquake that struck two days earlier about 260km away. Lapindo was eventually ordered to compensate victims, but payments took years, triggering angry protests. The government eventually intervened and loaned the company the funds to expedite the remaining payments. Irsyad called the use of public money to pay for damages following the disaster an “injustice”. He said the company should take responsibility.

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Australia to receive used nuclear submarines SINGAPORE: Australia will only receive used nuclear-powered submarines from the United States as part of an agreement to “streamline” the AUKUS deal, with the move branded yesterday as a “cost-effective” measure by Defence Minister Richard Marles. used submarines and one new one, but the countries announced on Saturday that all three will now be in-service vessels from the US Navy stock.

acquire Virginia-class submarines in lieu of a mixture of new and in service variants.” The US Navy has 24 Virginia-class vessels but American shipyards are struggling to meet production targets set at two new boats each year. In the United States, critics have questioned why Washington would sell nuclear-powered submarines to Australia without stocking its own military first. The AUKUS submarine programme lies at the heart of Australia’s defence strategy and could cost up to US$235 billion (RM933 billion) over 30 years, according to government forecasts. – AFP three in-service

“It is definitely cost-effective. And to be clear, this is a very expensive programme ... and so we are trying to find every cost-effective option as we walk down this path.” In a joint statement on Saturday, Marles, US Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth and British Defence Secretary John Healey confirmed the tweak to the submarine agreement. “The deputy prime minister and secretaries welcomed the proposed approach to streamline Australia’s acquisition of Virginia-class submarines, simplifying supply chain management, operational and maintenance requirements, and maximising cost efficiencies,” the statement said. “This approach would enable Australia to

When asked why Canberra was now receiving only used equipment, Marles, who is also deputy prime minister, told reporters yesterday it would be more cost-effective. “In the context of a very complicated endeavour, we need to place a premium on simplicity,” said Marles, who added that the submarines will also be the same model. “I cannot overstate the significance of that, both in terms of the submariners who are operating them, but also the people who are working on them to sustain those submarines.”

The two nations – together with the third partner in their security pact, Britain – met at Singapore’s Shangri-La Dialogue, which brings together top defence officials and experts from about 45 countries. Under the 2021 AUKUS deal, Australia is expected to receive at least three “Virginia-class” nuclear-powered submarines from the United States within 15 years. Australia had been expecting to receive two

INDIA, VIETNAM SIGN MISSILE DEAL NEW DELHI: India has signed a deal with Vietnam under which it will supply BrahMos missiles, which it jointly developed with Russia, and is in“final stages”for a similar deal with Indonesia, India’s Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh said. India has a strong commitment to Asean nations, Singh said at the Shangri-La Dialogue. India, which has been building up domestic defence manufacturing for local use and export, has already sold the supersonic cruise missiles to the Philippines. A deal with Vietnam could be worth about US$629 million (RM2.5 trillion), including training and logistical support. – Reuters JOCKEY PURTON MAKES HK HISTORY HONG KONG: Zac Purton became the first jockey to ride 2,000 winners in Hong Kong when he guided Rising World to victory at the city’s Sha Tin racecourse yesterday. The 43-year-old Australian reached the milestone by holding off Almighty Warrior by a short head in the opening race of the day. Purton first rode in Hong Kong as a 24-year-old in 2007 and has gone on to be the most successful jockey in the history of Hong Kong racing. He passed the previous record of 1,813 wins in Hong Kong, held by Douglas Whyte, in January 2025. He has won a total of eight jockeys’ championships and ridden 35 Group One winners in a city where horse racing is the most popular sport. Purton has most recently partnered the world’s best sprinter, Ka Ying Rising , to a Hong Kong record 20 consecutive wins. – AFP SRI LANKA TOP MONK SUSPENDED COLOMBO: Sri Lanka’s Buddhist hierarchy suspended on Saturday a senior monk accused of sexually abusing an 11-year-old girl. In a rare disciplinary move, 71-year old Pallegama Hemarathana was stripped of his responsibilities as the chief custodian of a highly venerated ficus grown from a sapling of a tree believed to have sheltered the Buddha. “The Council of Monks of the Malwatte Chapter decided to suspend Venerable Hemarathana until the conclusion of the legal proceedings against him,” a statement issued by the senior monks said. Police arrested Hemarathana on May 9 over allegations that he had sexually abused an 11-year-old girl in 2022 at the Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi temple in Anuradhapura. – AFP

O’Sullivan clan breaks world record

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o 1,848 with surname gather in Irish town CASTLETOWN BEARHAVEN: Almost two thousand people with the last names O’Sullivan and Sullivan travelled from around Ireland and the world to meet in County Cork on Saturday, in the largest ever recorded gathering of people with the same surname. Guinness World Records representatives verified the milestone at the event in the picturesque southwestern town of Castletownbere. “With a total of 1,848 the O’Sullivan clan are the new Guinness World Record holders, congratulations!” an official told a cheering crowd. The feat knocked another common Irish family name, the Gallaghers, off the top spot after their previous 2007 record win during a gathering of 1,488 participants held in County Donegal, northwestern Ireland. The surnames O’Sullivan and Sullivan are commonplace in County Cork and southwestern Ireland. Many from the large international Irish diaspora also arrived to bolster the numbers, presenting passports as proof of their name. “Where I come from in Boston, there’s plenty of us Sullivans, but this is unbelievable,” said Kevin Sullivan, 75, looking around at the crowds filing through a primary school where the event was coordinated. “Everyone I look at here I know is a Sullivan or an O’Sullivan, so it’s an incredible feeling,” the retired IT executive said with a smile. Participants passed through turnstiles to provide a preliminary tally before officials circulated through the assembled groups on the school’s football pitch for a final count. Mary Sullivan, one of many Americans of Irish ancestry who attended, said she had “travelled over 3,000 miles” to join the record attempt.

The O’Sullivan clan family crest is held by a participant in Castletownbere, Ireland, on Saturday. – AFPPIC

back on your shoulders now. Next time up, you’ll beat us!” he said. Among the participants who travelled the farthest was Michel Sanchez O’Sullivan who told AFP his grandfather was an O’Sullivan from New York who later settled in Mexico. “As far as we know, we’re the only O’Sullivans in Mexico, it’s great to be here to get to explore my Irish roots and meet the rest of the family!” the 35-year-old told AFP on Castlebere’s main street, holding his daughter Olivia on his shoulders. – AFP All people can contribute to a more peaceful society with small but important steps, he said, suggesting refraining from verbal and physical violence, both in daily life and on social media. This was the pope’s second major prayer for peace. In April, his strongly worded warning about a “delusion of omnipotence” that was becoming increasingly unpredictable and aggressive drew the ire of US President Donald Trump. – Bernama

The gathering was hosted by the chieftain of the clan, Kelly Sullivan, who was presented with the chain of office in Boston in 2023. “I feel blessed to have grown up as part of the wider Sullivan-O’Sullivan family, we make a team that can’t be beat,” she told the crowd. The world record bid organiser Jim O’Sullivan from Castletownbere said wet weather early in the day raised doubts about whether enough namesakes would show up. “But people turned out in their numbers, and we did it. So we’re asking the Gallaghers, Peace is possible even in these times of tension and conflict, Leo said. It “becomes possible when we choose to listen to the cry of those deprived of it: innocent children, anguished mothers and fathers, abused prisoners, refugees and people of every age who suffer,” he said. All “have but one word upon their lips: peace!” The pope also appealed to individuals, saying everyone has a personal responsibility.

Pope Leo delivers stirring call for peace ROME: Pope Leo XIV called for an end to violence in the world’s conflict-hit regions on Saturday during a prayer for peace at the Vatican.

No one should have to flee their home because of the threat of bombs, said Leo, the leader of the world’s 1.4 billion Catholics. The lust for power and verbal violence must give way to the thirst for justice and truth, he said, adding that there must be no more tears shed by the innocent.