09/02/2026

MONDAY | FEB 9, 2026

26

HEALTH

W AKING up with a blocked nose, keeping nasal spray within arm’s reach or brushing off constant sinus pressure as “just allergies” has become a daily reality for many Malaysians. In a country where air-conditioning, pollution and unpredictable weather are part of everyday life, nasal congestion is often treated as a minor nuisance rather than a signal of a deeper issue. In Malaysia, sinusitis affects an estimated 12.8% of the population, close to 3 million people living with ongoing sinus problems – underscoring how widespread this issue really is. What feels routine may point to more serious underlying ear, nose and throat (ENT) conditions. Early assessment can relieve discomfort and also prevent symptoms from quietly progressing into chronic conditions. Everyday reality of sinus congestion Sinusitis, or a sinus infection, occurs when the nasal cavities become inflamed and blocked with mucus, often caused by viruses, bacteria or allergies. If your nose feels constantly blocked or congested for more than two to three weeks, despite taking over-the-counter remedies, it is time to see a doctor. A short cold or viral infection usually clears within seven to 10 days, but anything lasting longer could signal sinus inflammation, allergies or structural issues such as a deviated septum. Warning signs of a more serious condition include persistent nasal blockage or mouth breathing, thick discoloured mucus, facial pressure or a reduced sense of smell. If these come with frequent headaches, post-nasal drip, bad breath or snoring, it is definitely worth getting checked. In children, chronic mouth breathing can affect jaw growth, dentition and sleep, making early attention especially important. For many Malaysians, sinus symptoms quietly blend into daily life. Long hours in air-conditioned offices, traffic-filled commutes and exposure to everyday irritants make it easy to dismiss ongoing nasal discomfort. Many adapt with quick fixes such as decongestants or antihistamines, rarely questioning whether persistent congestion is normal or something more serious. In fact, these lifestyle and environmental factors can aggravate sinus symptoms. Constant exposure to air-conditioning, dust, haze or cigarette smoke can inflame the nasal passages, while poor hydration and irregular sleep can further worsen symptoms. Chronic sinus inflammation can extend beyond the nose, causing fatigue, and even contributing to brain fog due to poor oxygen flow and disturbed rest. In rare cases, untreated sinus infections may spread to nearby structures, such as the eyes – leading to swelling or reduced vision – or, very rarely, the brain. While this is uncommon, the bigger concern is how long-term congestion can quietly affect our quality of life, from being constantly tired to having reduced productivity. Hidden dangers of quick fixes While over-the-counter nasal sprays and antihistamines can provide quick relief, frequent use may mask underlying problems or worsen symptoms over time. Long-term use of decongestant nasal sprays can cause rebound congestion, where the nose becomes more blocked once the spray wears off. Prolonged use may further irritate the nasal lining and cause chronic inflammation. Similarly, depending heavily on antihistamines can mask symptoms without treating the underlying cause, delaying diagnosis of conditions such as chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps or structural blockages. Chronic overuse of decongestant sprays may also lead to rhinitis medicamentosa, a condition where the nasal lining becomes swollen and overly sensitive. Over time, the tissues may thicken, become dry or develop small areas of crusting, reducing the natural function of the nasal lining. In severe cases, ongoing swelling can even narrow the nasal passages, causing long-term blockage. To avoid these risks, safe use becomes key. Use of decongestant sprays should be limited to three to five days. If someone needs the spray more often, this may indicate rebound congestion. With

In Malaysia, sinusitis affects an estimated 12.8% of the population. – PICS FROM FREEPIK

Why Malaysians should not normalise sinus congestion o ‘Blocked nose’ can develop into being more than just inconvenience

septoplasty or turbinoplasty can help improve drainage and relieve blockage by restoring normal airflow and sinus function. Determining the right course of action also depends on timing. Clinical indicators help determine not just what treatment is needed, but how urgently it should be started. To ensure the most effective approach, specialists conduct clinical assessments such as nasal endoscopies and allergy testing to guide treatment. A nasal endoscopy helps identify inflammation, polyps, growths or any structural issues that may not visibly appear. Any polyps or pus, or persistent obstruction caused by enlarged turbinates or deviated septums, usually signals the need for more intensive or surgical treatment. Allergy testing is equally important in shaping treatment direction and long-term control. Strong reactions to triggers such as dust mites or pollen can confirm allergic rhinitis and guide us towards targeted therapies such as antihistamines, nasal steroid sprays, allergen avoidance or immunotherapy. Act early, breathe better Ultimately, awareness and quick action can make all the difference. Recognising when congestion goes beyond the occasional blockage and seeking professional care early can stop minor symptoms from developing into chronic sinus problems. Persistent sinus congestion does not have to be part of daily life – do not let a blocked nose become a silent health risk. This article is contributed by Sunway Medical Centre Damansara ear, nose, throat, head and neck specialists Dr Natasha Ayla Ahmad Zulkiflee and Dr Noor Liza Ishak.

Over-the counter fixes can provide quick relief, but also mask

underlying problems.

antihistamines, dependency is less common, but prolonged use can still mask symptoms. Persistent congestion beyond two to three weeks is a clear sign to seek professional evaluation. Taking control of sinus health Consulting an ENT specialist early can prevent complications and significantly improve quality of life. Once the underlying cause is identified, treatment can be tailored – through medication, minimally invasive procedures or lifestyle adjustments – helping patients breathe easier, sleep better and reduce long-term health risks. Early intervention allows clinicians to address the root cause before complications develop. When treated early, inflammation is easier to reverse, sleep improves and patients often find

their energy and focus return. It is about moving beyond just breathing easier, and properly restoring daily comfort and overall wellbeing. Early treatment can break the cycle of recurring sinus issues or congestion, and long-term damage to the nasal lining. Identifying problems such as allergies, sinus inflammation or structural blockages early allows us to restore normal nasal function and reduce the reliance on repeated medications. Treatment, however, depends on the underlying cause. Medical therapy may include saline rinses, nasal steroid sprays or allergy management such as immunotherapy, with short courses of antibiotics used when infection is present. For recurrent or chronic symptoms, procedures such as endoscopic sinus surgery,