13/12/2025

Sultan Sharafuddin a Ruler with wellbeing of people at heart His Royal Highness characterised by unique blend of humility, directness and unwavering commitment to subjects.

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Compared with B40-M40-T20 classification, initiative better reflects financial health of individuals, and helps govt target subsidies more effectively: Economists Laufey’s new album named for award at 68th Grammys Big aye for disposable income model p 23 Unesco recognises Italian cooking as cultural treasure p 24 Senario reunites with concert bash for M’sians p 26

Experts say a categorisation system based on net funds in hand could provide a more accurate picture of household financial pressure. – ADIB RAWI YAHYA/THESUN

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SPECIMEN

Perlis also third highest in diabetes prevalence, recorded at 20.6%. Smallest M’sian state records highest obesity rate of 32.8% Report on — page 4

Survey shows about six out of 10 five-year-olds have cavities, and many cases go untreated. Child dental health severely under-prioritised

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People-centric leadership of Selangor Sultan

US mulling extradition request for bank executive KUALA LUMPUR: The United States (US) government is considering an extradition request submitted by Malaysia on Aug 14, 2024 seeking the surrender of former Goldman Sachs executive Tim Leissner to face trial in connection with proceedings involving 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) funds. The Attorney-General’s Chambers (AGC) said in a media statement yesterday that Malaysia has also taken follow-up action, including supplying additional information requested by the US. According to the AGC, the pursuit of justice in the 1MDB case demands continued resolve and perseverance. “Malaysians remain deeply concerned about the role played by Goldman Sachs in one of the largest fraud schemes in modern history, which targeted Malaysians as its primary victims. “Since 2023, when former Goldman Sachs banker Roger Ng was returned to Malaysian investigators after being tried and convicted in the US, new information has emerged. “Malaysia continues to work towards securing documents previously unavailable and bringing in individuals, including Tim Leissner, who have yet to be tried under Malaysia’s justice system.” The AGC added that Malaysia continues to suffer not only from the long-term financial impact of the scandal but also from irreversible losses until all recovery efforts are fully realised. “Therefore, Malaysia will not relent in seeking fair and just redress from the global banking giant and from all those complicit in this criminal act.” On May 29, it was reported that Leissner, who once served as Goldman Sachs’ Southeast Asia chairman, was sentenced to two years in prison by a New York court for his role in the 1MDB scandal. Judge Margo Brodie described Leissner’s actions as “brazen and unethical”, noting that although his cooperation with the prosecution was considered during sentencing, it could not undo the extensive damage caused by high-level corruption across several countries. In court, Leissner apologised to Malaysians and expressed regret for his actions. – Bernama Aid for flood-hit Indonesian students PUTRAJAYA: The Higher Education Ministry will coordinate the registration and disbursement of RM500 in aid to each Indonesian student in Malaysia affected by the recent floods in Aceh and North Sumatra. Higher Education Minister Datuk Seri Dr Zambry Abd Kadir said the move aligns with the government announcement on Thursday. He expressed appreciation to Prime Minister Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim for the government decision to provide immediate aid to Indonesian students in Malaysia affected by the disaster. He said as a neighbouring country with close familial and historical ties, the ministry fully supports the initiative to ensure that student welfare is prioritised, especially for those facing hardship far from their families. Zambry said the ministry is monitoring Malaysian students in Aceh, including those enrolled in several educational institutions in the region. He added that targeted aid would also be extended to Malaysian students affected by the floods. He said he is praying for the safety of all Malaysian students and Indonesian citizens affected by the disaster. – Bernama

o Ruler consistently prioritises wellbeing of rakyat, stresses on importance of harmony and unity, says Bernama chairman

He said one poignant example was a letter from a woman who had been struggling with a seven-year-long divorce case, and the Ruler, moved by her plea, personally intervened to expedite the legal process, demonstrating his deep empathy and commitment to justice. “He pushed the buttons to ensure the case was resolved.” Wong said the Sultan, despite his strong sense of responsibility as a leader, refrains from overstepping his constitutional role. “He is fully aware of his duties as a constitutional Ruler and understands the limits of his power. He never meddles in the day-to-day running of the government, but uses his influence to highlight important issues when necessary.” As His Royal Highness celebrated his 80th birthday on Thursday and approaches 25 years on the throne, Wong praised the Ruler’s contributions, saying that his legacy is one of selfless leadership. “At 80, he is still active and engages with his people. His approach to leadership, which prioritises the rakyat and focuses on unity, remains a model for all leaders,” he added.

continue to shape Selangor for years to come. “What strikes me the most is his consistency. He has remained true to his principles for the past 20 years. His wish has always been to see the rakyat living in harmony and enjoying a better quality of life,” Wong said during Bernama TV’s The Nation programme titled “Through the Eyes of a Journalist: Sultan of Selangor”. Having known the Ruler for nearly two decades, Wong emphasised Sultan Sharafuddin’s down-to-earth nature and his rejection of unnecessary pomp and pageantry, preferring to keep things simple, often requesting no red carpets or formalities at public events. He added that the Sultan personally reads letters and emails sent by the public, a practice that sets him apart from many political leaders, Bernama reported. “He takes the time to read the complaints of his people. I don’t think even our elected representatives do that every day,” Wong said, highlighting the Ruler’s accessibility and direct engagement with issues affecting ordinary citizens.

KUALA LUMPUR: The Sultan of Selangor Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah’s leadership is characterised by a unique blend of humility, directness and unwavering commitment to the people of the state, said Bernama Chairman Datuk Seri Wong Chun Wai. Wong said Sultan Sharafuddin had consistently prioritised the wellbeing of the rakyat throughout his years of service, stressing the importance of harmony and unity. “He is a leader who truly understands the needs of his people, and his influence will

‘M’sia-US trade pact does not affect our sovereignty’ KUALA LUMPUR: The Malaysia-United States (US) Agreement on Reciprocal Trade (ART) has been confirmed as not affecting the country’s sovereignty after a detailed examination of its contents showed that all national interests were protected. compromising these principles. “There is a perception that we need to get US approval to buy something (procurement), but the ‘shall consult’ clause in the agreement means that we negotiate, not that we must get approval from the US. Razarudin said the ministry’s explanation has dispelled concerns about the claim that the agreement would affect the country’s sovereignty, especially since the preamble to the agreement created a win-win situation for Malaysia and the US, as well as provided certainty to the business sector to penetrate the US market. (From left) Md Shah, Zulkifeli and Razarudin after the special briefing by the Investment, Trade and Industry Ministry in Kuala Lumpur on Thursday. – BERNAMAPIC

“If Malaysia or the US do not agree due to their respective national interests, then we have the right to cancel the agreement. So, where does it mean that our national sovereignty is at stake?” Zulkifeli said the agreement had gone through a strict due process involving scrutiny by the ministry, the Attorney-General’s Chambers and the Cabinet to ensure that the country’s sovereignty was not compromised. “Therefore, I am of the view that due process has been fully complied with, and I am confident that the Attorney-General’s Chambers will never compromise the country’s sovereignty, let alone the ministry, which comprises experienced administrative and diplomatic officers.”

The conclusion was made by three national security figures, namely former Malaysian Armed Forces chief Jen (Rtd) Tan Sri Dr Zulkifeli Mohd Zin, former IGP Tan Sri Razarudin Husain and the Malaysian Commando Veterans Club president Md Shah Yassin, after attending a special briefing by the Investment, Trade and Industry Ministry on Thursday. Zulkifeli said a study of the preamble to the agreement clearly shows that both countries have shared values and respect each other’s sovereignty and economic prosperity. He said the government, through the agreement, has ensured that national interests were always guaranteed. He added that there is no clause in the agreement that shows the government was

A similar tone was also voiced by Md Shah, who described the agreement as providing benefits to both parties without tarnishing the country’s dignity, Bernama reported. “As someone who served in command for 22 years, I do not see our country’s sovereignty being compromised.” Earlier, a detailed briefing on ART was given by the ministry’s deputy secretary-general (Trade) Datuk Mastura Ahmad Mustafa. Malaysia and the US signed the agreement on Oct 26 during the 47th Asean Summit in Kuala Lumpur. It lowered Malaysia’s average tariff rate from 25% to 19% and provided wider market access for the country’s main exports.

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Experts supportive of shift in wages classification

Ministry ready to ensure goods reach remote areas KUALA LUMPUR: The Domestic Trade and Cost of Living Ministry is prepared to add new control posts to ensure the supply of essential and subsidised goods reaches remote areas that continue to face accessibility issues. Its deputy minister Datuk Dr Fuziah Salleh said under the Essential Goods Distribution Programme, the opening of new control posts could be considered if an area is more than 15km from an existing post and the price of controlled goods sold exceeds 50% of the controlled price due to high logistical costs. “(The ministry) is open to discussing with MPs and local representatives to examine areas that require additional control posts,” she said when winding up the debate on the Supply Bill (Budget 2026) for the ministry in the Dewan Negara on Thursday. She was responding to Senators Michael Mujah Lihan and Norhasmimi Abdul Ghani, who had previously raised the issue of the programme in remote areas that are difficult to access, leading to rising logistical costs. She added that the government has allocated RM250 million to the programme, covering 120 distribution zones, 559 areas and 820 points of sale nationwide, including remote areas in Sabah, Sarawak and Pahang. She also said high costs, including boat transport to the interior regions of Sabah and Sarawak, would cause the prices of controlled goods such as LPG, wheat flour, sugar and subsidised cooking oil to skyrocket without government intervention through the programme. Addressing the concerns of some senators regarding the difficulty faced by the public in obtaining subsidised cooking oil for wedding feasts or bulk use by small traders, Fuziah said the daily production contract for the oil has been set at 60,000 cartons per day and cannot be arbitrarily increased. However, she said the ministry is prepared to consider the views put forward to ensure the needs of the public could be considered without compromising the integrity of the subsidy system. Meanwhile, Housing and Local Government Deputy Minister Datuk Aiman Athirah Sabu said the ministry, through PLANMalaysia, would expand the development of the Malaysia Urban Observatory analytical dashboard for flood disaster risk area detection to other states, starting next year. She added that so far, the development of the dashboard has been completed for Perak and Selangor. “The dashboard analytics allows for the detection of areas prone to floods and flash floods by identifying land use types such as construction areas, residential areas and commercial areas as a mitigation measure in collaboration with the authorities, state governments and the federal government.” – Bernama

o Disposable-income model could lead to broader eligibility for fiscal aid: Academic

Ramli in June 2023 was a sound policy idea that could improve subsidy targeting. “I think the initiative better reflects (how) individuals should be categorised and helps the government target subsidies more effectively, especially for assistance such as RON95 fuel subsidies and the Rahmah Cash Contribution. “Sometimes an M40 individual (could have) many commitments to cover and fall into the B40 category after accounting for net spending and what is left from their income. “At the same time, a B40 individual may live comfortably because of lower commitments and spending habits,” he told theSun . However, he added that discussion about the policy slowed following Rafizi’s resignation. He also said the Central Database Hub, introduced in 2024, was expected to support such classifications. “Before he resigned, there was an

commitments require data from various institutions, including banks and insurance companies,” he said, adding that the database hub could be used to centralise updated financial disclosures. Universiti Teknologi Mara economist Dr Mohamad Idham Md Razak said disposable income provides a fairer reflection of living conditions as it accounts for realistic household obligations. He also said such findings could attribute to a more practical review of graduate starting salaries and wage policies, but cautioned that any adjustments must be carefully calibrated to avoid excessive pressure on employers. “On findings that single individuals aged 25 to 30 earning between RM3,000 and RM4,000 lose nearly half of their income to monthly commitments, there is an economic basis for the government to reassess graduate starting salaries. “While the minimum wage cannot be raised abruptly without affecting business operating costs, the government could consider graduate pay policies that are better aligned with the cost of living in major urban centres. “Measures such as hiring incentives, tax credits for employers and industry-based upskilling programmes could help raise graduates’ effective wages without placing excessive pressure on businesses.” Williams Business Consultancy director Prof Geoffrey Williams was more cautious, saying true disposable income is difficult to measure. “A clearer and more practical measure would be net income after statutory deductions such as EPF and income tax, which is already collected by the Inland Revenue Board, but only for those in formal employment. “(Another) simpler approach would be to use a reverse income tax, in which those earning below a threshold such as the median wage would receive a tax credit, or a monthly assistance for those who are not employed.”

announcement about a (second phase) of the (database hub). If the initiative is to proceed, it should be based on past household income research, particularly those by Khazanah.” Putra Business School MBA and DBA director Prof Dr Ahmed Razman Abdul Latiff said a shift to disposable income classification could lead to broader eligibility for fiscal assistance. “There is a possibility that the government would allocate more fiscal aid to certain groups because segments of the M40 may not have disposable income due to factors such as (more) household dependants, urban living and high debt burdens.” On implementation, he said financial commitments are more complex to obtain. “Salary information could be obtained from the Employees Provident Fund (EPF) and Inland Revenue Board, but financial

Ű BY FAIZ RUZMAN newsdesk@thesundaily.com

PETALING JAYA: Experts support the notion of a shift from Malaysia’s income classification of B40 (bottom 40%), M40 (middle 40%) and T20 (top 20%) categorisation to a disposable income model which could provide a more accurate picture of household financial pressure. However, they say data integrity and feasibility remain its key challenges. Socio-Economic Research Centre executive director Lee Heng Guie said the proposal previously raised by then Economy minister Datuk Seri Rafizi

Mohamad Idham said disposable income provides a fairer reflection of living conditions as it accounts for realistic household obligations. – AMIRUL SYAFIQ/THESUN

M’sians express preference for updated earnings framework PETALING JAYA: Young adults and urban families have spoken to theSun about the continued strain of rising living costs and expressed their preference for a disposable-income classification model to replace the current categories. existing income groups with a disposable-income framework. “Some M40 might fall into (the B40 group) after paying off (large) commitments, while some B40 may be comfortable because of their living arrangements. Disposable income is a better way to assess a household’s situation.” monthly balance affects my financial decisions. “With such a small amount left, it definitely feels tight. A lot of things have to be postponed and saving is difficult.” He expressed hope that any future policy reflects household pressure realistically.

income is still enough, rising prices for basic goods and services mean I have to be more careful with my budget.” She added that she remains cautious despite being able to save. “I hope the government could stabilise living costs and provide more targeted support so people could plan their finances with more confidence.” Human resource executive Safwan Adlan, 25, who lives in Mutiara Damansara and earns RM4,000, said his basic monthly expenses come to about RM1,500, leaving him with about RM2,000. However, food and education related debt remain his main concerns. “Food prices vary a lot by location and my workplace does not have cheaper alternatives. My (student) loan payment is also ongoing.” He supported the idea of replacing

Environmental executive Syaza Lina, 33, who lives in Subang Jaya and earns above RM6,000, said her monthly essential expenses of car-related commitments, housing maintenance and utilities, food and transport come to about RM3,800. “The biggest (source of) pressure each month is my car loan since I don’t have a housing loan yet. My mother has paid for my apartment, so I will only have to pay for utilities and maintenance. “However, food and daily expenses in Kuala Lumpur, where I work, are quite high. Although my remaining

“I hope the government could provide more accurate, needs-based assistance based on disposable income, ease housing and childcare costs and control essential prices. That would help a lot.” The gathered responses indicate that fixed commitments and rising daily expenses are constraining disposable incomes, prompting renewed scrutiny of whether current income classifications capture the reality of financial strain. – By Faiz Ruzman

Adib Yahya, 34, a photographer based in Petaling Jaya who earns RM2,500 and is supporting a family of three, said rising costs leave him with minimal room each month. He said his essential expenses, covering rent, food, utilities, fuel and his four-year-old child’s needs, come to (about) RM2,200, leaving only about RM300. “The most stressful parts are rent and child-related costs. Prices keep going up and as children grow, expenses increase quickly. The limited

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Perlis records highest obesity rate o Measures being taken to promote health and tourism in tandem: Committee

KANGAR: The Perlis State Legislative Assembly sitting on Thursday was told that based on the latest statistics, the state has recorded the highest obesity rate in Malaysia, at 32.8%. It also ranks third highest in diabetes prevalence, at 20.6%, Bernama reported. State Women, Family and Community Development, Unity and Environment Committee chairman Wan Badariah Wan Saad said several measures have been and are being taken to ensure the efforts of the state government to promote tourism and health could run smoothly together, without harming community wellbeing. “The state Health Department is aware of a food festival (for the public) and it is the duty of the department to ensure that food (vendors) and the food sold comply with safety and quality standards. “Numerous activities have been held with (vendors) and visitors regarding food preparation and making healthier choices, including encouraging the sale of sugarless or less sweet food, provision of smaller portions, sale of fruits and vegetables, and

(awareness) on calorie content,” she said during the question and-answer session at the assembly sitting at the Seri Putra Complex. Wan Badariah was replying to a question from Pauh assemblyman Megat Hashirat Hassan, who asked about the state government’s actions regarding the food festival, which was perceived to be closely linked to the Perlis obesity and diabetes health campaign. She responded to the question on behalf of state Welfare, Health and Entrepreneurship Committee chairman Datin Marzita Mansor. She said the Health Department, in collaboration with the Education Department, would launch a “war on sugar” campaign in schools next year using the “Sihat Stail Saya” model designed by the Health Ministry. “This advocacy programme is based on a concept in which preventive activities are carried out from the very beginning among pupils to curb an increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases when they reach their teenage years and adulthood.”

Wan Badariah said the state Health Department would launch a ‘war on sugar’ campaign next year. – MASRY CHE ANI/THESUN

Malacca to present bridge project for appraisal ALOR GAJAH: Malacca is planning to realise the construction of a bridge connecting Indonesia and Malacca via Pengkalan Balak, thus becoming the world’s first gateway connecting the two countries. capability of this bridge to change economic landscape and regional mobility.” He was speaking to reporters after officiating at the EP Manufacturing Berhad Second Factory and the First Assembly Production of GWM MPV WEY G9 at the Hicom Pegoh Industrial Estate on Thursday. also expected to act as an additional catalyst, supporting the development of the bridge and strengthening the blue economy sector. “The blue economy in Masjid Tanah is expected to provide (good) returns to the state and federal governments, including job opportunities for locals.”

KUANTAN: Pahang Menteri Besar Datuk Seri Wan Rosdy Wan Ismail said the state government has formulated a long-term strategy to enable early repayment of its loans to the federal government. He said it includes starting repayments in 2027 for loans originally scheduled to be settled in 2030, thereby significantly reducing dependence on federal financial assistance. “This advance repayment is a proactive measure which demonstrates the sustainability of the state budget, which has been crafted with a long-term vision,” he said when winding up the debate on the 2026 state budget at the state legislative assembly sitting at Wisma Sri Pahang on Thursday. He added that in 2024, the state government made loan repayments amounting to RM39.4 million while this year, the figure rose to RM61.2 million, an increase of 55%, reflecting its strengthening financial position. He also addressed the issue of state borrowings, adding that the total loan amount stands at nearly RM1 billion. “The total amount does not consist solely of loans repaid by the state government, but also includes borrowings undertaken by agencies, local authorities and state statutory bodies. “Of this amount, only RM755 million is serviced through the state operating budget, while the remaining RM304 million is borne by the respective agencies.” He added that the Pahang government has also acted as a lender to state agencies and statutory bodies, extending a total of RM46 million to date. – Bernama Pahang sets strategy for loan repayment

Chief Minister Datuk Seri Ab Rauf Yusoh said the project is expected to be presented to the National Physical Planning Council in January 2026 for further scrutiny before being handed to Indonesia. “The distance between the two locations is only 47.7km. The state government has also spent about RM500,000 on a consulting company to study the effectiveness and

Ab Rauh announced on Sept 8, 2022 that a new route would link Malaysia and Indonesia via Telok Gong in Masjid Tanah. At the time, he said the proposed development would involve the construction of a tunnel or bridge, and would take 20 years to complete. – Bernama

He added that the government also plans to acquire 5,000ha of land in Masjid Tanah to be turned into a new industrial zone that could attract various domestic and international investors. He also said the existence of the Kuala Linggi International Port in the nearby area is

Youth housing programme to be introduced next year KUANTAN: The Pahang government will introduce the “Moh! Rumah untuk Belia Negeri Pahang” programme next year as part of efforts to empower youths through access to essential needs and long-term support. repayments of about RM300,” he said when winding up the debate on the Pahang Budget 2026 at the state legislative assembly sitting at Wisma Sri Pahang on Thursday.

Chon Siang said RM10.3 million had been allocated for this year’s Essential Goods Distribution Programme. He said the federal government initiative, implemented by the Pahang branch of the Domestic Trade and Cost of Living Ministry since 2009, aims to help the community, particularly the B40 group in rural areas, access essential goods at reasonable prices. He added that the government would bear the cost of transporting subsidised or controlled essential goods from suppliers to selected rural areas under the programme. “This year, the programme covers five zones in Pahang, namely Pulau Tioman, Kuala Tahan, Kampung Bantal, Pos Sinderut and Pos Betau.” He also said as of last Monday, the ministry implemented a total of 1,394 Rahmah Madani Sales Programmes across the state. – Bernama

In another development, Fadzli said the construction of the Pahang State Youth and Sports Complex has reached 97% completion as of Dec 8, but remains 3% behind schedule. “The contractor has been fined RM3,658 per day for failing to complete the project on schedule and the state government will continue to closely monitor its progress through weekly meetings. “The project is expected to be completed in January 2026 and to commence operations in the second quarter of next year.” Meanwhile, state Consumer Affairs and Human Resources Committee chairman Sim

State Communications and Multimedia, Youth and Non-Governmental Organisation Committee chairman Fadzli Mohamad Kamal said the programme, which would be held in collaboration with Syarikat Perumahan Negara Berhad, offers youths the opportunity to own their first home under the Rumah Mesra Rakyat Belia Pahang Scheme. “The scheme (offers) houses priced at RM75,000, with a subsidy of RM25,000 for each applicant, reducing the final price to RM50,000. “Financing would be provided through interest-free loans, with monthly

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‘Dental health of Malaysian children under-prioritised’

Block on bid to cease gaming licence upheld

PUTRAJAYA: The Court of Appeal, by a 2-1 majority, has affirmed the ruling of the Alor Setar High Court in declaring the decision of the Kedah government to cease the issuance and renewal of business licences for gaming operators as unconstitutional and in violation of the Federal Constitution. The appeal, filed by the Kedah government and Menteri Besar Datuk Seri Muhammad Sanusi Md Nor, was dismissed as lacking merit by Federal Court Judge Datuk Dr Lim Hock Leng and Court of Appeal Judge Datuk Faizah Jamaludin. Chief Judge of Sabah and Sarawak Datuk Azizah Nawawi delivered a dissenting opinion. In the majority judgment, Lim and Faizah held that the Kedah government’s directive was ultra vires and fundamentally inconsistent with the Constitution. Lim said the subject of pool betting and lotteries falls within the exclusive legislative competence of the federal government, administered by the Finance Ministry in Putrajaya. He said the Finance Ministry holds sole authority for the issuance and regulation of licences for operators and agents. Concurrently, Faizah found that the state’s refusal to renew premise licences constituted an unlawful encroachment upon federal powers, thereby undermining the statutory authority of the finance minister as established under the Pool Betting Act 1967. “This situation has created a real conflict over state and federal powers under the Ninth Schedule of the Federal Constitution. Thus, the High Court judge’s decision was not in error.” The sole dissenting judge, Azizah, held that the appeal ought to be allowed, concluding that the state’s decision constituted a legitimate exercise of public policy discretion. The litigation originated from a judicial review application filed on June 20, 2024. The Alor Setar High Court, presided by then Judge Mahazan Mat Taib, allowed the application brought by pool betting agents, companies and their principal officers against the state government’s directive. – Bernama Bangladeshi jailed KUALA LUMPUR: A Bangladeshi man was sentenced to 10 years’ imprisonment by the High Court yesterday after he pleaded guilty to supporting the Daesh terrorist group through Facebook. Judge Datuk Azhar Abdul Hamid imposed the sentence on Mohammad Didarul Alam, 29, a restaurant worker, and ordered that the jail term take effect from the date of his arrest on July 21. “The accused is also ordered to be deported to his home country upon completing his prison sentence.” Mohammad Didarul was charged with providing support to the Daesh terrorist group by using a Facebook account under the name Al Mubin Islam. According to the facts of the case, police investigations discovered that the accused had used his Facebook account to promote the Daesh terrorist group by posting and sharing photos, videos and other related content. – Bernama for supporting terrorist group

o Tooth decay occurring very early among youngsters, with six out of 10

five-year-olds having cavities, says dentist

Ű BY QIRANA NABILLA MOHD RASHIDI newsdesk@thesundaily.com

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia public health specialist Prof Dr Sharifa Ezat Wan Puteh said overburdened public clinics and costly private services leave many at risk of severe tooth decay and related health complications. “The prevalence of dental decay is significantly higher among low-income populations, with studies showing that children from low-income households experience a higher rate of untreated cavities compared with their higher-income peers.” Sharifa said for families in rural or lower income areas, cost, distance and poor insurance coverage often make treatment difficult, pushing them to delay care until decay is serious. “In Malaysia, for families with small children, attending appointments, follow-ups and paying PETALING JAYA: The dental health of children in Malaysia remains severely under-prioritised despite growing awareness on oral hygiene, and continues to receive far less attention than other paediatric health issues. Dental officer Dr Mazwin Mazlan said the Health Ministry National Health and Morbidity Survey: Maternal and Child Health 2022 highlights that tooth decay is occurring very early among children in Malaysia, with six out of 10 five-year-olds having cavities. “Children’s oral health in Malaysia is often overlooked for several reasons. Many families do not practise consistent preventive care, and irregular brushing habits are common because parents may underestimate the importance of baby teeth. “Dental problems are often viewed as less urgent than other health issues, so they get less attention although poor oral health can lead to serious long-term effects.” She said the World Health Organisation 2019 Global Oral Health Status Report showed Malaysia had the third-lowest rate of untreated decay in permanent teeth among those aged five and above, at 22.8%, out of 194 countries. “We urge stronger parental education, better preventive care, earlier and routine screenings as well as systemic integration of oral health into early childhood care.” Mazwin said both lack of awareness and issues with access contribute to delayed dental screening for children, and the problem is more common than many parents realise. She said many parents were still unaware that a child’s first dental visit should take place by the age of one, leading them to assume that baby teeth are “temporary” and do not require early attention. “This misconception often results in dental problems being detected only when cavities are already advanced. “Access is also an issue. While government dental clinics offer free or low-cost care for children, long waits, distance to clinics, parents’ work schedules and limited child

Dental problems are often viewed as less urgent than other health issues, so they get less attention although poor oral health can lead to serious long-term effects. – MASRY CHE ANI/THESUN

increases this risk.” Mazwin said untreated cavities could let bacteria reach the tooth pulp, causing abscesses that may spread to gums, jaw and even the bloodstream, leading to severe pain, tooth loss and serious health problems such as infections in the heart or brain. She highlighted a Malaysian study (2013– 2019) showing that 381 children aged two to six required treatment under general anaesthesia for severe tooth decay. “Early tooth decay in children can be hard to spot. Parents should look for white or brown spots, tiny pits, sensitivity to sweet, hot or cold foods, changes in chewing or slight gum redness and swelling. “Pain may not appear until the decay reaches the pulp or an abscess forms, so regular dental check-ups from age one are essential.” She also said dental caries (tooth decay) remains widespread in Malaysia, posing a major public health challenge across all ages. “The 2020 National Oral Health Survey found 85.1% of adults were affected. In 2015, 71.5% of five-year-olds had decay, highlighting high treatment needs, especially among children and the elderly. “No single policy can address these challenges. Instead, a coordinated web of existing and future policies is needed to improve overall oral health.” Sharifa said early prevention, awareness and access, particularly for low-income households, remain critical to reducing the prevalence of untreated cavities and the systemic health risks associated with dental decay. – By QIRANA NABILLA MOHD RASHIDI

focused services discourage early visits. “These awareness and access barriers mean many children miss the critical window for early screening, prevention and treatment.” Mazwin said one of the biggest oral-hygiene mistakes Malaysian parents make is letting children go to bed without brushing after drinking milk, sweet drinks or formula beverages. She said exposing teeth to sugar promotes bacterial growth and could cause severe early childhood cavities. “In short, early prevention is crucial. Tooth decay and poor oral hygiene can allow bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans to enter the bloodstream, which may lead to heart infections in people with existing heart problems. “While routine brushing could also cause small amounts of bacteria to enter the blood, severe decay with exposed tooth pulp greatly “Public clinics, on the other hand, have a limited number of dentists and facilities, resulting in long waits and overloaded services.” She said the system faces gaps not just due to locality but also because Malaysia lacks adequate facilities and trained specialists. Sharifa said advanced fields such as orthodontics (teeth alignment), endodontics (root canal and pulp treatment), periodontics (gum and supporting tissue care), prosthodontics (crowns, dentures and implants), paediatric dentistry (children’s oral care), oral and maxillofacial surgery (jaw and facial procedures) and oral pathology (disease diagnosis) all require years of additional training. She added that the number of specialists in these areas, however, remains limited. “This strain is not the fault of clinics but the

Tooth problems more prevalent in low-income families PETALING JAYA: Access to dental services in Malaysia is far from easy for many low-income families and children. for treatment at private clinics can be financially draining. result of the small share of healthcare resources allocated to dental and oral health.”

SATURDAY | DEC 13, 2025

6 Nostalgic ride on century-old train

o Heritage tourism journey in Sabah offers views of rustic villages, tropical rainforests, winding rivers and traditional settlements

introduces younger generations to the history and significance of the oldest transport system in the state. Student Muhammad Fairul Yahya, 19, said although the train journey takes longer than travelling by road, the experience offered is far more meaningful. “It’s really enjoyable. Although it’s slow, you can appreciate the beauty of nature from your seat, so you don’t feel bored at all.” Passenger Ameera Natieesyah Md Yussof, 23, said the classic train service should be upgraded for greater comfort, given its huge potential as a heritage tourism product. “This train carries sentimental value as Sabah’s oldest mode of transport. The ticket price is low, but the experience is priceless and something both locals and tourists should have,” she said.

approaches a station or crossing, evoking nostalgia from the era of British colonial rule. According to the Sabah Railway Department website, the service was first developed in 1896 under the British North Borneo Chartered Company, beginning with a 37km route from Bukau to Weston. It later expanded into a 134km network spanning 14 stations from Tanjung Aru to Tenom. Originally, the railway was built to transport rubber and tobacco from the interior to the port in Kota Kinabalu (then Jesselton) for export. It later became an essential mode of transport for delivering daily necessities to residents in Tenom and Beaufort. Today, the rail service plays a bigger role. It is not only a mode of transport for local communities but also a heritage tourism attraction that

Bongawan and Membakut, before arriving at the main destination at about 10am, depending on the weather and operations. Over the more than two-hour long journey, passengers are treated to views of Sabah’s traditional villages, padi fields and oil palm estates as well as mangroves, winding rivers and gentle hills that create a serene, calming atmosphere. Adding to its charm is how well the train has retained its classic features despite several rounds of repair work. The carriages still use a combination of metal and wood and have large windows that can be fully opened, and old front-facing seats that offer unobstructed views. But what truly captures attention is the familiar rhythmic ringing of the classic metal bell – ting, ting, ting – followed by the loud diesel locomotive horn each time the train

KOTA KINABALU: Going on beautiful train journeys offering stunning scenery is always a draw for travellers. Photos of rail routes like the Kandy–Ella line in Sri Lanka, which is famed for its sweeping views of tea plantations and mist-covered mountains, are often shared widely on social media. Malaysians too can enjoy a remarkably similar experience in Sabah through its classic railway service, the only one of its kind still operating on the island of Borneo. With fares as low as RM4.80, unchanged since 1989, the Tanjung GEORGE TOWN: The 2025/2026 edition of Pesta Pulau Pinang will be the last to be held at Tapak Pesta Pulau Pinang here, before the festival goes on a six-year hiatus beginning from next year. Penang Chief Minister Chow Kon Yeow said this was to make way for the construction of the Mutiara Light Rail Transit (LRT) line and a Transit Oriented Development (TOD) by MRT Corp at the site “Last year, I announced that the 58th edition could be the final one before the event was postponed to allow for the construction of the Mutiara LRT line and TOD by MRT Corp. “However, based on the latest developments, MRT Corp will only take over the site in April 2026, allowing the festival to proceed with its 59th edition,” he said at the Pesta Pulau Pinang 2025/2026 opening ceremony on Thursday. The event was officiated by Yang

Aru-Beaufort line, served by a century-old train, offers views of rustic villages, tropical rainforests, winding rivers and traditional settlements. Passengers begin gathering as early as 6am at the Tanjung Aru station in Kota Kinabalu, although the train only departs at 7.45am. Tickets are still sold manually and only at the counter, which opens at 7am, Bernama reported. Covering a distance of about 105km to Beaufort, the train passes seven major stations in Putatan, Kinarut, Kawang, Papar, Kimanis, Dipertua Negeri of Penang Tun Ramli Ngah Talib. Also present was his wife Toh Puan Raja Noora Ashikin Raja Abdullah. Chow said currently, there is no decision on whether the festival would remain at its present location or be relocated. “This land acquisition involves only a portion of the festival grounds. The state government, relevant agencies and MRT Corp are reviewing the master plan for the site redevelopment, which includes the construction of a depot, LRT station and the Sungai Nibong bus terminal. “We need to wait for the outcome of the master plan before we can finalise any decision on the festival,” he told reporters Chow said the state government understands the sentiments of the public, especially Penangites, who feel a sense of loss as the site holds many nostalgic memories. He added that the Sungai Nibong

Last hurrah for Penang festival before 6-year break

Chow said no decision has

been made yet on whether the festival would be relocated for its future editions. – BERNAMAPIC

entrepreneurs and state agencies. “In view of the growing number of foreign tourists, non-citizens will be charged RM10 for entry this year, while tickets for Malaysians remain at RM5, with free admission for children under 12 and persons with disabilities.” – Bernama

Pesta Fun Walk was held on Nov 29 to symbolise the community’s support for the festival over the years. Chow said this edition would run for 36 days, from Dec 6 to Jan 10, featuring a variety of products from small and medium enterprise

grounds been synonymous with hosting the festival, which is one of the state’s annual highlights. He also said should Pesta Pulau Pinang be revived in the future, it may no longer be possible to use the original site, adding that the first have long

SATURDAY | DEC 13, 2025

COMMUNITY 7

G EORGE TOWN: A group of students from the School of Communication in Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) recently conducted a workshop on their initiative to preserve traditional perform ing arts under a campaign named Mai Cerita. Their agency, called Hikarya, collaborated with the Wak Long Music and Art Centre to preserve the cultural heritage of the wayang kulit . The impactful student-led campaign was designed as part of the YKT311 final-year course under the supervision of School of Communication academics Dr Sharifah Nadiah Syed Mukhiar and Dr Ng See Kee. Mai Cerita aimed to bridge the gap between tradition and modern youths, demonstrating that traditional arts can still resonate with today’s generation. The programme featured interactive workshops, social media campaigns, contests and community engagement with small booth displays. Titled as Bayang Stories, the workshop drew participation from students of Penang Free School (PFS), SMK Raja Tun Uda and USM itself. “This exposure to wayang kulit opens students’ eyes to the richness of our cultural heritage, something the younger generation should be proud of and treasure as they begin to explore the world,” said music expert and PFS teacher Leonard Selva Gurunathan. The young participants were treated to a mini wayang kulit performance by experienced artisans. The exposure expanded their awareness of this ancient art form. The event began with a welcoming speech by Cheah Khe Xin, Mai Cerita’s project director. Mohd Jufry Yusoff from Wak Long led the sharing session, which was also attended by Murshid Md Hussain, the cultural officer for the USM Art and Culture Talent Enrichment Sector. Murshid served as the tok dalang (master

Lights, shadows, stories: Youths inspired by wayang kulit o Workshop at USM features artisans promoting awareness on ancient art form

Murshid captivating the young audience with wondrous puppetry storytelling.

Participants proudly showing their traditional puppet designs.

conductor) of the vibrant mini-performance. With some guidance, the participants got the opportunity to make their own traditional puppets and even encouraged to try “letting the puppets tell”. “I have never encountered such an engaging cultural heritage workshop. I am looking forward to more events like this, as it widens my knowledge and experience,” shared Muhammad Uwais Mohamad Faisal, a PFS pupil. The workshop was sposored by Project CAN, Sincere Wealth Advisory Group Sdn Bhd,

Sdn Bhd, and Muzium dan Galeri Tuanku Fauziah. Mai Cerita’s second workshop, titled Potehi: Stories in the Palm, will be held on Dec 15.

Tanuki Japanese Canteen, GoodMorning Global Sdn, Pak Kopi 1969 Pulau Pinang, Nasi Lemak Sambal Lesung, Tea Kadai, Penang 3D Trick Art Museum, Torto Food Industries (M)

Support for four schools with special pupils

Ű BY P. CHANDRA SAGARAN newsdesk@thesundaily.com

dispensed such aid to schools. On hand to welcome them at each school were the respective institutions’ management and teachers. The special needs children are part of the schools’ overall student populations under the Integrated Special Education Programme. It entails a national system where students with special needs learn in mainstream schools, often in dedicated classes. Blending special support with regular school environment and curricula, the instruction given to the special needs pupils includes focus on holistic development and skills acquisition for life. By providing specialised education within a regular school, the initiative bridges special education and mainstream learning. The children include those having Down syndrome, learning disabilities, speech problems, and eyesight and hearing defects.

IPOH: The Perak branch of the Pertubuhan Nala Duta Nusantara Malaysia has donated cash to four schools in Ipoh to support special classes for children with various disabilities. The schools - SMK Seri Ampang, SMK Rapat Setia, SMK Wira Jaya and SMK Jelapang Jaya - received their amounts during separate visits by the society’s representatives on Dec 5. The delegation was led by the organisation’s deputy chairman Chan Kwong See, treasurer Low Jiun Tyan, women’s wing head Wong Lai Cheng and her deputy May Lam, youth league head Chan Kai Mun and committee member Chan Jia Ying. Kwong See said the schools each received RM1,000 to carry out activities and hold special classes for the children. This was the first time that the society had

Participants during the trekking expedition to gather insights at the dense Pin Supu forest.

Sabah, Sarawak forestry officials share sustainable practices

Ű BY JOSHUA CHANG newsdesk@thesundaily.com

central to the conservation efforts. The second day involved a field visit to forest reserve’s operational sites. Delegates observed nursery activities and witnessed a tree-planting demonstration. They also reviewed the progress of the Lake Tungog Restoration Project, which aims to revive a crucial lake ecosystem. Activities on the final day were centred at the Supu Adventure Camp. The delegation explored Supu Cave and trekked to Supu Peak, experiencing the unique landscape of the forest firsthand. The programme concluded on Dec 6 with a cultural night involving the local community, strengthening ties between forest managers and residents. According to SFD, such programmes are vital for enhancing professional networks within Malaysia’s forestry sector, particularly in efforts to meet international conservation standards and achieve sustainable management. This visit is expected to catalyse closer cooperation and knowledge exchange between the states of Sabah and Sarawak in preserving the nation’s forest heritage for future generations.

KOTA KINABALU: A three-day knowledge-sharing programme was held for staffs of the Sabah Forestry Department (SFD) and Sarawak Forestry Corporation (SFC), focusing on the management of a forest reserve in Kinabatangan and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Green List certification. The visiting SFC delegation and their peers in Sabah got involved in site inspections and briefing sessions on governance mechanisms, conservation efforts and community-based tourism within the protected area of the Pin Supu Forest Reserve. On the first day, the delegation received a comprehensive briefing from the SFD on the processes and criteria for the IUCN certification, a global standard for effective and equitable protected area management. KOPEL Bhd, a community cooperative, shared its successful model for community-based tourism and forest restoration projects. A relaxing river cruise on the Kinabatangan River offered a direct view of the rich biodiversity

The delegation and school management with the contribution presented to SMK Rapat Setia.