28/02/2025

˻ ͓͙ ˜ ͓͓͖͑

3 TÛ©Ø©¿º ¿¿¹ Ìj©Ð‰Ð €¿º€‰ÌºÐ ¿ä‰Ì ‰ ۀjØ©¿º ©º‰ËÛj´©Øç

3KTŘ Ð€¨‰ Û´‰ Ø¿ ‰¢©º ¿É‰ÌjØ©¿º ¿º O‰ÉØ ŘŕĚ 8>T ,6"-" -6.163 5IF -JHIU 3BJM 5SBOTJU -JOF -35 JO UIF ,MBOH 7BMMFZ JT TFU UP CFHJO PQFSBUJPOT PO 4FQU GPMMPXJOH UIF QSPKFDU T IBOEPWFS UP 1SBTBSBOB .BMBZTJB #IE CZ UIF UVSOLFZ DPOUSBDUPS PO +VMZ 5IF 5SBOTQPSU .JOJTUSZ JO B XSJUUFO SFTQPOTF QPTUFE PO UIF 1BSMJBNFOU XFCTJUF PO 8FEOFTEBZ TBJE UIF PWFSBMM QSPHSFTT PG UIF #BOEBS 6UBNBo+PIBO 4FUJB QSPKFDU IBT SFBDIFE 5IF NJOJTUSZ BMTP OPUFE UIBU USBJO PQFSBUJPO UFTUT XJUIPVU QBTTFOHFST XJMM CF DPOEVDUFE JO UXP TUBHFT UP FOTVSF UIF -35 TFSWJDF NFFUT TBGFUZ TUBOEBSET i5IFTF UXP UFTUT DPWFS DPNQMJBODF EVSBCJMJUZ BOE TBGFUZ PG UIF SBJM TZTUFN BOE 401 5IFZ JODMVEF B USJBM SVO 53 DPOEVDUFE DPODVSSFOUMZ XJUI UIF GBVMU GSFF SVO ''3 UFTU CZ UIF QSPKFDU T NBJO DPOUSBDUPS 4FUJB 6UBNB -35 4EO #IEw JU TBJE 5IF UFTUJOH QFSJPE JT FTUJNBUFE UP MBTU EBZT BOE UIF SFTVMUT PG UIF ''3 UFTU XJMM CF BTTFTTFE CZ UIF -BOE 1VCMJD 5SBOTQPSU "HFODZ UP FOTVSF TBGFUZ TUBOEBSE DPNQMJBODF BOE TQFDJGJD SBJM TZTUFN HVBSBOUFFT 5IF NJOJTUSZ XBT SFQMZJOH UP B RVFTUJPO GSPN "[MJ :VTPG 1) 4IBI "MBN SFHBSEJOH UIF DVSSFOU TUBUVT PG -35 UIF USJBM SVO EVSBUJPO BOE XIFUIFS UIF QSPKFDU SFNBJOT PO USBDL GPS GVMM PQFSBUJPO CZ UIF RVBSUFS UIJT ZFBS 5IF 53 ''3 UFTUT BSF FYQFDUFE UP CFHJO JO NJE "QSJM BOE DPODMVEF CZ UIF FOE PG +VOF 'PMMPXJOH UIF BHFODZ T BQQSPWBM PG UIF 53 BOE ''3 UFTUT 3BQJE 3BJM 4EO #IE BT UIF MJDFOTFE SBJM PQFSBUPS XJMM DPOEVDU B USJBM PQFSBUJPO XJUI UFDIOJDBM TVQQPSU GSPN UIF NBJO DPOUSBDUPS o #FSOBNB 8¿ÐØ© ´jÛº€¨‰Ð ’©ÌÐØ ËÛjºØÛ¹ ©ºØ‰´´©¢‰º€‰ €‰ºØ̉ ,6"-" -6.163 5IF .JNPT 2VBOUVN *OUFMMJHFODF $FOUSF JT TFU UP CFDPNF B LFZ DPMMBCPSBUJWF QMBUGPSN MJOLJOH QPMJDJFT XJUI TUSBUFHJFT UP ESJWF BEWBODFNFOUT JO EFFQ UFDIOPMPHZ BDDPSEJOH UP UIF 4DJFODF 5FDIOPMPHZ BOE *OOPWBUJPO .JOJTUSZ .PTUJ *O B TUBUFNFOU UIF NJOJTUSZ TBJE UIF DFOUSF XPVME BMTP TFSWF BT BO BEWBODFE SFTFBSDI BOE EFWFMPQNFOU IVC GPS RVBOUVN SFMBUFE UFDIOPMPHJFT GPTUFSJOH IJHI JNQBDU SFTFBSDI BOE JOOPWBUJPO "T UIF GJSTU PG JUT LJOE GBDJMJUZ JO .BMBZTJB UIF DFOUSF XJMM QMBZ B DSVDJBM SPMF JO UBMFOU EFWFMPQNFOU FRVJQQJOH UIF .BMBZTJBO XPSLGPSDF XJUI UIF TQFDJBMJTFE TLJMMT OFFEFE GPS UIF RVBOUVN FSB i#Z GPTUFSJOH MPDBM FYQFSUJTF BOE BUUSBDUJOH HMPCBM DPMMBCPSBUJPOT UIF .JNPT 2VBOUVN *OUFMMJHFODF $FOUSF XJMM BDU BT B DBUBMZTU JO QPTJUJPOJOH .BMBZTJB BT B LFZ QMBZFS JO UIF JOUFSOBUJPOBM RVBOUVN MBOETDBQF w UIF TUBUFNFOU SFBE

Ű OFXTEFTL!UIFTVOEBJMZ DPN

ÓÝÓØÑ ÍÙÝÞÝ ËØÎ ÜÏÖÓËØÍÏ ÙØ ÏâÞÜË ÍÖËÝÝÏÝ ÜËÓÝÏ ÎÙßÌÞÝ ÙàÏÜ ÐËÓÜØÏÝÝ ËØÎ ÞÏËÍÒÓØÑ ÛßËÖÓÞã ÓØ ÝÍÒÙÙÖÝ

*O B TFQBSBUF NBUUFS /BODZ VSHFE QBSFOUT UP SFNBJO WJHJMBOU BOE BEWJTF UIFJS DIJMESFO BHBJOTU CVZJOH PS DPOTVNJOH DFSUBJO TOBDLT QBSUJDVMBSMZ DIFXZ PS HVNNZ DBOEJFT i"QBSU GSPN QBSFOUT UFBDIFST BMTP QMBZ B DSVDJBM SPMF JO FOTVSJOH DIJMESFO BWPJE GPPET UIBU DPVME QPTF B EBOHFS UP UIFNw TIF TBJE )FS XBSOJOH GPMMPXT UIF EFBUI PG .PIBNNBE 'BINJ )BGJ[ .PIBNNBE 'BLISVEEJO XIP XBT JO DSJUJDBM DPOEJUJPO BGUFS BMMFHFEMZ DIPLJOH PO HVNNZ DBOEJFT BOE QBTTFE BXBZ XIJMF SFDFJWJOH USFBUNFOU MBTU 5IVSTEBZ o #FSOBNB TUVEFOUT TUSVHHMF UP LFFQ VQ i&EVDBUJPO TIPVME CF FRVJUBCMF /P TUVEFOU TIPVME GFFM EJTBEWBOUBHFE KVTU CFDBVTF UIFZ DBOOPU BGGPSE UVJUJPOu 5FI TBJE ;BJUVO .PIE ,BNJM XIP JT B NPUIFS PG UISFF BHFE CFUXFFO BOE FYQSFTTFE GSVTUSBUJPO BU IBWJOH UP QBZ GPS UVJUJPO PO UPQ PG TDIPPM GFFT i5VJUJPO JT OPU DIFBQ BOE BMM NZ UISFF DIJMESFO BUUFOE TVDI DMBTTFT *U JT B TUSBJO PO NZ IVTCBOE BOE NF BOE * PGUFO XPOEFS XIZ XF TIPVME QBZ GPS CPUI TDIPPM BOE UVJUJPO XIFO PVS DIJMESFO TIPVME CF SFDFJWJOH FWFSZUIJOH UIFZ OFFE JO UIF DMBTTSPPNu TBJE ;BJUVO XIP XPSLT BT B HPWFSONFOU DMFSL 5FI TVHHFTUFE SFEVDJOH DMBTT TJ[FT UP JNQSPWF TUVEFOU FOHBHFNFOU XIJMF SFGPSNJOH UIF FYBN TZTUFN UP FNQIBTJTF DSJUJDBM UIJOLJOH PWFS SPUF NFNPSJTBUJPO )F BMTP QSPQPTFE UIBU TDIPPMT PGGFS GSFF SFNFEJBM DMBTTFT UP IFMQ TUSVHHMJOH TUVEFOUT FOTVSJOH UVJUJPO SFNBJOT BO PQUJPO SBUIFS UIBO B OFDFTTJUZ $POHSFTT PG 6OJPOT PG 5FBDIFST JO UIF .BMBZTJBO &EVDBUJPO 4FSWJDF TFDSFUBSZ HFOFSBM .PIE "[J[FF )BTBO DBMMFE GPS DPOUJOVPVT UFBDIFS EFWFMPQNFOU JODMVEJOH JOJUJBUJWFT TVDI BT UIF 1SPGFTTJPOBM -FBSOJOH $PNNVOJUZ TZTUFN XIFSF FYQFSJFODFE UFBDIFST NFOUPS OFX FEVDBUPST )F BEEFE UIBU EJTUSJDU BOE TUBUF FEVDBUJPO EFQBSUNFOUT TIPVME TVQQPSU UFBDIFST UISPVHI DPBDIJOH QSPHSBNNFT TVDI BT 4DIPPM *NQSPWFNFOU 4QFDJBMJTU $PBDIFT 1MVT UP JNQSPWF UFBDIJOH FGGFDUJWFOFTT -PPLJOH BIFBE .PIE "[J[FF JT PQUJNJTUJD BCPVU UIF &EVDBUJPO .JOJTUSZ T DVSSJDVMVN SFGPSNT TFU GPS JNQMFNFOUBUJPO JO XIJDI BJN UP JNQSPWF MJUFSBDZ BOE OVNFSBDZ XIJMF JOUSPEVDJOH JOUFSWFOUJPO QSPHSBNNFT UP BEESFTT TDIPPM ESPQPVU SBUFT

1&5"-*/( +":" 5IF HSPXJOH EFNBOE GPS QSJWBUF UVJUJPO JO .BMBZTJB IBT SBJTFE DPODFSOT BCPVU UIF RVBMJUZ PG UFBDIJOH JO DMBTTSPPNT BOE UIF XJEFOJOH HBQ CFUXFFO GBNJMJFT XIP DBO BGGPSE FYUSB MFTTPOT BOE UIPTF XIP DBOOPU 5VJUJPO DFOUSFT UZQJDBMMZ DIBSHF CFUXFFO 3. BOE 3. QFS TVCKFDU NPOUIMZ XIJMF IPNF UVJUJPO DPTUT NPSF BT SBUFT BSF VTVBMMZ DBMDVMBUFE QFS IPVS 0OMJOF DMBTTFT BSF B NPSF BGGPSEBCMF BMUFSOBUJWF SBOHJOH GSPN 3. UP 3. QFS TVCKFDU /BUJPOBM "TTPDJBUJPO PG 1SJWBUF &EVDBUJPOBM *OTUJUVUJPOT /BQFJ TFDSFUBSZ HFOFSBM %S 5FI $IPPO +JO TBJE UIF USFOE JT ESJWFO CZ GJOBODJBM QSFTTVSFT PO UFBDIFST PWFSDSPXEFE DMBTTSPPNT BOE UIF QSFTTVSF UP QFSGPSN XFMM JO NBKPS FYBNT TVDI BT 41. BOE 451. i8IJMF QSJWBUF UVJUJPO QSPWJEFT

PGGJDJBMMZ FNQMPZFE UIFSF JT OP EBUB PO IPX NBOZ DPOEVDU QSJWBUF UVJUJPO )F OPUFE UIBU XIJMF TPNF UVJUJPO DMBTTFT BSF UBVHIU CZ RVBMJGJFE UFBDIFST NBOZ BSF DPOEVDUFE CZ QSJWBUF JOTUJUVUJPOT PS JOEJWJEVBMT XJUIPVU GPSNBM UFBDIJOH RVBMJGJDBUJPOT 5FI RVFTUJPOFE XIZ UIF FEVDBUJPO TZTUFN IBT DSFBUFE BO FOWJSPONFOU XIFSF UVJUJPO JT TFFO BT FTTFOUJBM " &EVDBUJPO .JOJTUSZ DJSDVMBS MJNJUT QVCMJD TDIPPM UFBDIFST UP DPOEVDUJOH QSJWBUF UVJUJPO GPS POMZ GPVS IPVST QFS XFFL CVU JOGPSNBM UVUPSJOH SFNBJOT XJEFTQSFBE BOE EJGGJDVMU UP SFHVMBUF 8IJMF XFBMUIJFS TUVEFOUT DBO BGGPSE FYUSB MFTTPOT MPX JODPNF

BEEJUJPOBM TVQQPSU PWFS SFMJBODF PO JU NBZ VOEFSNJOF DMBTTSPPN UFBDIJOHu IF TBJE 5IF JTTVF JT FTQFDJBMMZ QSFWBMFOU JO QVCMJD TDIPPMT XIFSF MBSHF DMBTT TJ[FT BOE SJHJE DVSSJDVMB MJNJU QFSTPOBM BUUFOUJPO &WFO JO QSJWBUF TDIPPMT XJUI TNBMMFS DMBTTFT QBSFOUT DPOUJOVF UP TFOE UIFJS DIJMESFO GPS UVJUJPO UP NBJOUBJO BDBEFNJD DPNQFUJUJWFOFTT 0OF LFZ GBDUPS JT GJOBODJBM TUSBJO FTQFDJBMMZ BNPOH QVCMJD TDIPPM UFBDIFST XIP TUSVHHMF XJUI SJTJOH MJWJOH DPTUT BOE UVSO UP UVJUJPO GPS FYUSB JODPNF /BUJPOBM 6OJPO PG UIF 5FBDIJOH 1SPGFTTJPO TFDSFUBSZ HFOFSBM 'PV[J 4JOHPO TBJE XIJMF UFBDIFST BSF

Teh suggested reducing class sizes to improve student engagement while reforming the exam system to emphasise critical thinking over rote memorisation. – AMIRUL SYAFIQ/THESUN

¿ÛÉ´‰Ð ÛÌ¢‰ Ø¿ Љ‰² ’‰ÌØ©´©Øç Ø̉jع‰ºØ Ø¿ ¿¿ÐØ ©Ìب Ìj؉ ,&1"-" #"5"4 5IF HPWFSONFOU JT FODPVSBHJOH NBSSJFE DPVQMFT UP PWFSDPNF BOZ GFFMJOHT PG

/BODZ TBJE UIF HPWFSONFOU IPQFT UIF GFSUJMJUZ USFBUNFOU GBDJMJUJFT BOE TVCTJEJFT QSPWJEFE VOEFS UIF JOJUJBUJWF XJMM IFMQ NPSF DPVQMFT GVMGJM UIFJS ESFBN PG TUBSUJOH B GBNJMZ 5IF JOJUJBUJWF BJNT UP JNQSPWF BDDFTTJCJMJUZ GPS DPVQMFT XJUI B IPVTFIPME JODPNF PG MFTT UIBO 3. XIP IBWF OFWFS SFDFJWFE GJOBODJBM BTTJTUBODF GPS GFSUJMJUZ USFBUNFOU GSPN BOZ BHFODZ "U UIF FWFOU /BODZ BMTP BOOPVODFE UIF GJSTU SFDPSEFE QSFHOBODZ VOEFS UIF JOJUJBUJWF PO 'FC VOEFSTDPSJOH JUT FGGFDUJWFOFTT JO IFMQJOH DPVQMFT TUSVHHMJOH XJUI JOGFSUJMJUZ

i5IFSFGPSF * FODPVSBHF PVS DPNNVOJUZ UP TFFL USFBUNFOU UP JNQSPWF GFSUJMJUZ MFWFMT VMUJNBUFMZ IFMQJOH UP CPPTU UIF OBUJPO T CJSUI SBUFw TIF TBJE BGUFS MBVODIJOH UIF 'FSUJMJUZ 5SFBUNFOU "TTJTUBODF BOE *OGFSUJMJUZ "EWPDBDZ JOJUJBUJWF BU UIF /BUJPOBM 1PQVMBUJPO BOE 'BNJMZ %FWFMPQNFOU #PBSE 'BNJMZ $FOUSF PO 8FEOFTEBZ 4IF BEEFE UIBU VOEFS #VEHFU UIF HPWFSONFOU IBT BMMPDBUFE 3. NJMMJPO UP GVOE UXP DZDMFT PG *OUSBVUFSJOF *OTFNJOBUJPO GFSUJMJUZ USFBUNFOU GPS FMJHJCMF DPVQMFT GSFF PG DIBSHF BMPOH XJUI BO JOGFSUJMJUZ BEWPDBDZ DBNQBJHO

FNCBSSBTTNFOU BCPVU TFFLJOH GFSUJMJUZ USFBUNFOU BT IFTJUBUJPO DPVME SFEVDF UIFJS DIBODFT PG DPODFJWJOH 8PNFO 'BNJMZ BOE $PNNVOJUZ %FWFMPQNFOU .JOJTUFS %BUVL 4FSJ /BODZ 4IVLSJ TBJE GFSUJMJUZ JTTVFT BSF PGUFO MJOLFE UP XPNFO CVU NFO DBO BMTP GBDF DIBMMFOHFT UIBU DPOUSJCVUF UP EJGGJDVMUJFT JO DPODFJWJOH i0GUFO UIF JOBCJMJUZ UP DPODFJWF JT BUUSJCVUFE TPMFMZ UP XPNFO CVU UIF SFBMJUZ JT UIBU NFO DBO BMTP FYQFSJFODF GFSUJMJUZ QSPCMFNT

5IF DFOUSF XBT PGGJDJBUFE CZ JUT NJOJTUFS $IBOH -JI ,BOH JO DPOKVODUJPO XJUI .JNPT 2VBOUVN %BZ UIFNFE i4IBQJOH UIF 'VUVSF XJUI 2VBOUVN *OUFMMJHFODFw PO 8FEOFTEBZ o #FSOBNB ©’j €¨jØ¿Ø ̉€‰©ä‰Ð j¿ÛØ ŚŝĘŕŕŕ ©ºËÛ©Ì©‰Ð Щº€‰ ©ØÐ ´jÛº€¨

,6"-" -6.163 5IF "SUJGJDJBM *OUFMMJHFODF 'BDU DIFDL "TTJTUBOU "JGB BO "* DIBUCPU JOUSPEVDFE CZ UIF .BMBZTJBO $PNNVOJDBUJPOT BOE .VMUJNFEJB $PNNJTTJPO .$.$ IBT SFDFJWFE JORVJSJFT TJODF JUT MBVODI PO +BO

XIJDI SFDFJWFT PWFS UXP NJMMJPO IJUT QFS NPOUI UP IFMQ QFPQMF WFSJGZ UIF BDDVSBDZ PG JOGPSNBUJPO CFGPSF TIBSJOH JU w IF TBJE EVSJOH BO BQQFBSBODF PO #FSOBNB 57 T 3VBOH #JDBSB QSPHSBNNF PO 8FEOFTEBZ o #FSOBNB

FTQFDJBMMZ PO POMJOF QMBUGPSNT i5IF TQSFBE PG GBLF OFXT JT B TFSJPVT UISFBU UIBU DBO EJTSVQU OBUJPOBM IBSNPOZ BT JU DBO MFBE UP SBDJBM BOE SFMJHJPVT UFOTJPOT i"QBSU GSPN "JGB .$.$ BMTP PQFSBUFT UIF 4FCFOBSOZB NZ QPSUBM

FYQMPJUBUJPO 5IF DIBUCPU SFDFJWFT BO BWFSBHF PG NFTTBHFT QFS EBZ )F TBJE UIF BQQMJDBUJPO JT POF PG .$.$ T TUSBUFHJFT UP FNQPXFS UIF QVCMJD CZ FODPVSBHJOH UIFN UP WFSJGZ OFXT BOE JOGPSNBUJPO

.$.$ NBOBHJOH EJSFDUPS %BUVL ;VSLBSOBJO .PIE :BTJO TBJE "JGB JT QBSU PG UIF HPWFSONFOU T FGGPSUT UP JODSFBTF POMJOF TBGFUZ BXBSFOFTT BOE DPNCBU DZCFS UISFBUT JODMVEJOH GSBVE GBLF OFXT BOE EJHJUBM EFQVUZ